Atticus Equality

Atticus FCA’s 1. Effective Introduction and Conclusion _________/ 10 Points 2. The character’s point of view of equality is supported with relevant direct quotes from TKAM and explained in writer's own words (body paragraphs)  _______/ 25 1. Topic sentences 2. Two direct quotes (examples) integrated with signal phrases 3. Two direct quotes are thoroughly explained/connected to thesis and topic sentences 4. MLA in-text citation for each direct quote from text 3.Present-tense verbs; no I/You statements; comma usage   _________/ 5 Equality is being equal in status, rights, and opportunities. In the novel â€Å"To Kill a Mocking Bird† written by Harper Lee, Atticus Finch a father of two children, plays an important role in the story. He sets an example for his children who are beginning to grow up. Atticus doesn’t believe all men fit the description of being equal in America. Although no one is born equal, he decides to treat everyone equal.Atticus believe s that men aren’t equal; he feels men aren’t born equal at all. Some are born having more opportunities. â€Å"We know all men are not created in the sense some people would have us believe-some people are smarter than others, some people have more opportunity than others, some ladies make better cakes than others-some people are born gifted beyond the normal scope of most men† (Lee 205). Atticus shows that there is no such thing as men being equal. He explains that life isn’t the fairest thing and it will always be that way.He then goes on and explains that men aren’t equals in life, but in court they are. â€Å"But there is one way in this country in which all men are created equal-there is one human institution that makes a pauper the equal of a Rockefeller, the stupid man the equal of an Einstein, and the ignorant man the equal of any college president. That institution, gentlemen, is a court† (Lee 205). He says this to prove his point t o the jury that Tom Robinson should be treated equally in this case, and the case should be taken seriously.He knows Tom isn’t considered an equal to a white female, to the jury. He doesn’t believe he is either, but in court he should be. Atticus has a certain point of view on equality. He knows not everyone is equal in life, and no one is born equal. He believes the only time men are equal is in the courtroom. Equality affects the story based off how many times it is used and exemplified. It shows how people should be treated in real life situations.

Paper of dream

Professor Jarvis The Dream Freud believed the dream to be composed of two parts, the manifest and the latent content. The manifest content can be thought of as what a person would remember as soon as they wake and what they would consciously describe to someone else when recalling the dream. That's all the stuff that literally happens in the dream. Freud suggested that the manifest content possessed no meaning whatsoever because it was a disguised representation of the true thought underlying the dream.The latent content holds the true meaning of the dream, and the forbidden thoughts and the unconscious desires. These appear in the manifest content but will be disguised and unrecognizable. Although in rare cases the manifest and latent content can be indistinguishable. Freud believed that the latent content of dreams is suppressed and hidden by the subconscious mind in order to protect the individual from thoughts and feelings that are hard to cope with. By uncovering the hidden mean ing of it, Freud believed that people could better nderstand their problems and resolve the issues that create difficulties in their lives.I dreamed that once I was an older man playing in the major leagues and was on my way to the hall of fame when all of a sudden while I was taking a flight to the particular area where my game was held the plain had a tragic crash. Freud insisted that dreams are a form of fulfilling suppressed wishes. If a wish goes unsatisfied during the dreamer's normal day, the mind reacts to this ‘internal stimuli' by transforming it into a visual fantasy, allowing the dreamer to satisfy his or her esire. The result of which is a peaceful night's sleep.This makes me think that the concept of Freud's theory is accurate because of the way the content worked when I woke up and how my thoughts worked. I was so scared but was understanding by how the dream worked. Freud's theory is completely valid because it makes sense when we fall asleep and your curtains are drawn, the dream acts as a protector to you. It calms the mind and relates to your thought and wishes and doing bad or good things while you are asleep. Freud's work was solely concerned with nternal stimuli.Essentially, for a person to continue to sleep undisturbed strong negative emotions, forbidden thoughts and unconscious desires have to be disguised or censored in some form or another. Otherwise, confronted by these, the dreamer would become distressed and they would eventually wake up. Therefore the dream, if understood correctly, could lead to a greater understanding of the dreamer's subconscious. During my dream I felt very special but the night that I fell asleep I was in a stressed mood and anger was drawn in my veins.It seemed as if the dream acted as a barrier as Freud states in his theory, I woke up feeling like a new person and it comtorted me. While the plane was talling in my dream I nad a weird feeling before that I couldn't believe the certain tragedy was about to happen but waking up and knowing I was alive changed my whole aspect of looking towards life. Freud makes me thing of when I fall asleep what dream I have a what I can do to notice what is wrong with me or what problem is running through my mind.If I have mental dream with violence I will be able to state my well being and know what wrong with me. I can help get therapy for a certain bad dream I had and why it took place. I completed agree with Freud's theory and will take it step by step each dream. We have learned many things in this analysis of Freud. We have discussed the importance of Freud's dream content theory and what their meanings include. Over the course of study in Structure of Mind and Behavior, we have learned about mental and psychological histories and incidents that relate to Freud's dream theory in a eneral way.

Breastfeeding Critical Incident Essay

The personal critical incident paper is designed for the students to identify and articulate their own culture and effects impacts and working with other cultures in particular Hispanic and Latino client. The author of this personal critical incident paper is a 26-year-old African American female she was born in a two-parent middle-class home she is the eldest of two girls. She graduated in the top 15 percent of her high school class. She was able to secure a great score on her ACT and her college†¦ Caroline Barber S00155374 NSG 636 Critical Incident Pressure Injuries in the Perioperative Environment. Critical Incident Essay 30% Figure 1 from Walton-Greer, P. (2009). Prevention of Pressure Ulcers in the Surgical Patient. AORN Journal, 89(3), 538-552. MARKING CRITERIA INTRODUCTION 0-2 Some key information missing in introduction & conclusion. 3-5 Detailed and focused introduction & conclusion. 6-8 Well developed introduction & conclusion. 9-10 Very well developed†¦ Service Marketing Critical Incident Report Bachelor of Commerce (Marketing & Management) Author: Goh Bing Chong Basil (5269131) * Executive Summary This critical report took place at Mischief’s restaurant during September 2015, during the interview it was revealed that an unfortunate case of the dissatisfying experience was involved. Both management and staffs level of customer service provided was a disappointment to customers. After the analysis of the critical incident report, a customers†¦ Critical Incident A Reflective Essay Rich & Parker 2001 defines critical incidents as snapshots of something that happens to a patient, their family or healthcare professional. It may be something positive, or it could be a situation where someone has suffered in some way. Reflecting on critical incidents will allow me to explore and analyse incidents and how it has affects me and what I hope to do with these effects in the course of my training towards becoming a registered practitioner. It†¦ benefits of breastfeeding for the critical analysis paper because during my clinical rotations on the floor I noticed that breast feeding is always one of the main focal points of care. I just have questions about how effective is breast feeding and are their other options that are comparable to the effects that it offers to newborns. There were several experiences that occurred during my stent in the UNC women’s hospital that illustrates many points regarding the subject of breastfeeding, two in particular†¦ purpose of this essay is to critically examine an incident from recent practice using a model of reflection. This will enable me to analyse and make sense of the incident and draw conclusions concerning personal learning outcomes. The meaning of critical analysis and critical incidents will briefly be discussed followed by the process of reflection. The incident will then be described and analysed and then I will discuss issues raised in light of the recent literature relating to the incident. I will conclude†¦ Portfolio – A description and analysis of up to 3 critical incidents encountered on school Experience A that you consider to be teaching dilemmas In this assignment, I will analyse and reflect on a critical incident that I was confronted with during school experience A (here after will be referred to as SEA). I will reflect on the implications that my critical incident has had on my practice and I will relate it to theory. In addition, I will make reference to four approaches of analysis which†¦ Critical Incident Analysis - Placement Interview Summary of the incident After having my application successfully shortlisted for a second placement with Hull City Council, I attended a briefing session where approximately 12 applicants in the same field as myself were informed of what the competitive nature of the interview process actually entailed. Selection for placement availability with adults was to be based upon individual performance in a written task, interview and group discussion at†¦ Contemporary Challenges in Mental Health Care Provision and Management 2 B73M20 Cohort 09/09 Student ID: 20328 Assignment: Critically analyse an incident experienced whilst in practice, allowing opportunity to explore professional responsibilities, concepts of care management and the impact of health policy/legislation on care provision. You should demonstrate fitness of practice (NMC, 2008). Submission Date: 14 May 2012 Assignment word count: 3000 Actual word count: 2967†¦ A critical incident is an expected occurrence in group work, though not all incidents will carry the same degree of seriousness nor will they be unambiguous in nature. The reality of differences among even those with common backgrounds or presenting problems would allude to the fact that it is more likely then not that a critical incident will occur within a group setting. Though often conflict itself is perceived as negative, it can, if apprioately addressed, be a positive turning point in a group†¦

Marketing plan for rent a runway Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Marketing plan for rent a runway - Essay Example This report will analyze the strengths of this company in creating the right options for marketing while offering new ways and initiatives which the company can use to continue to expand the product line and interest in the runway. Business Mission The basis of Rent a Runway is to assist individuals who like high fashion but are on a budget or only need a fashion item for one occasion. The objective is to offer individual options from professional stylists while assisting with fashion forward looks for any occasion. The mission is based on women being able to look their best at any occasion while providing fashion forward advice and alternatives to assist with the best looks for any occasion. The team has expanded to designers and professionals that are able to assist in creating the perfect outfits for women and men that are preparing for any occasion (Rent the Runway, 2011). External Marketing Audit: Market Competition The fashion items that are offered through the Internet are con tinuing to grow and bring attention to the runway items of the season. The main competition is coming from emerging fashion stores that are able to offer luxury and brand name items at a lower price. These are combined with wholesale stores that offer even more opportunities for those looking at different fashions and designs. These are known to move higher into the competition based on price, types of designers available and the region which they are located in. They are furthered with competition that is based on finding the right clothes at a lower price. The current marketing competition for fashion is based on an emerging market that is expected to grow by 7 – 15% by the year 2020. These demands are based on the ability to get low priced fashions that are in style for the season and based on luxury and brand names at a discount (BofF Team, 2011). The continuous growth and expectations for online portals is causing several to turn to Internet solutions for their business. There is now advice that is being sent to those who are looking for new ways to promote business to move online, including retailers and those interested in the fashion business. This is leading brick and mortar retailers, wholesale businesses and others involved in creating other links to customers to set up businesses online. This is combined with emerging designers and brand names that are creating the same links to an online presence. Each of these are combining strategies for a stronger presence, leading to competitive alternatives based on customer loyalty and a growing global market. The association is based on creating a stronger sense of customer loyalty through the businesses that are working together (Haley, 2011). Internal Marketing Audit The association with Rent the Runway is one which is taking the main trends with the online presence among fashion lovers and expanding the market into one that holds several strengths. For the online portal to continue to work; howeve r, there is the need to extensively examine the marketing tactics and alternatives that are available. By doing this, there is the ability to create a stronger presence while moving forward with the competition that is online. Operating Results The operations that are a part of the online portal are based on a process that is required for an individual to be a part of. When one goes to the website, they are immediately

Time Value of Money in Economic Decisions Research Paper

Time Value of Money in Economic Decisions - Research Paper Example An Opportunity cost arises when one is made to wait for the amount in future. In this context, Blue jay Manufacturing Company is looking at two options. These options include outsourcing portions of its in house manufacturing or making a capital investment towards expansion of in house manufacturing. Capital budgeting is thus essential in making a financial analysis of the two options presented to make a decision that will have the best outcome. Time value of money uses the present value and the future value of cash flows. In this case Butler wants to keep the manufacturing in house and to do so there is need for a capital investment to be made. Investing this cash denies the business a chance to outsource since the money cannot be realized till the investment pays off. Time value of money is used here to calculate the future value of the money which is then compared to the investment value at maturity. If the investment value at maturity is greater than the calculated future value o f money, then it is considered a good investment. However, if the future value of money is greater than the value of the investment then it is not a good capital investment and Butler would be advised to go ahead and outsource (Crosson and Needles, 2008). This is how time value of money is used in making an economic decision. It helps to calculate the value of money at a future date and compare it with its present value so as to determine a worthy investment. To clearly understand the basics of time value of money, it is important to understand the Net Present value. Net Present Value is the difference between present values of cash outflows and the present values of cash inflows. It is calculated to check the profitability of one alternative over the other. A positive NPV is an indication that it is a good investment whereas a negative NPV shows that it is not a worthy investment (Steven, 1986). In this case, future cash flows estimates of outsourcing are generated. These cash flow s are then discounted to one lump sum present value for example $600,000. If the suppliers are willing to provide their services at a price below $600,000 then management can give the go ahead to outsource for this presents a positive NPV. However, if the suppliers charge more than $600,000 it would be a very costly move and thus management would chose not to outsource. Consequently, the same analysis should be done for the case of in house manufacturing. If the NPV of in house manufacturing is found to be greater than the NPV of outsourcing, then by all means a capital investment should be made to expand in house manufacturing and vice versa. Net Present Value calculations take inflation and returns into account while analyzing the time value of money. In simple terms, it is the present value of future cash flows without accounting for the purchase price (Crosson and Needles, 2008). It is considered the most standard method for using time value of money to appraise long term invest ments during capital budgeting. The Pay Back Period is also another method that is used to determine the time value of money. However, it only measures the risk and not the returns. The Pay Back period measures the time taken for cash inflows to equate to the capital investment made. The shorter the period the more worthy the investment is. Time value of money

Various organizational police functions (local, state, federal) Essay

Various organizational police functions (local, state, federal) - Essay Example Local police officers: apprehend violators; preserve peace; prevent crime; enforce the law; protect human life and property; and serve the public (Johnson and Cox III, 2004). According to Shane (2010), the functions above differ from one another hierarchically [roles and powers are assigned to these levels hierarchically]. Federal police agencies enforce particular types of federal laws, state officers enforce state laws, and local police officers operate at the county level. In respect to the foregoing, a federal agent has jurisdiction over the entire country, while a local police agent has his jurisdiction limited to his town, city or county. A state police agent has jurisdiction over an entire state. There is no better solution to the way the present law enforcement system operates at each level because the hierarchical arrangement of the security systems allows for systematic distribution of roles and duties, and thereby helping extirpate confusion and superimposition of roles. Likewise, with this current system, law and order can be effectively and efficiently discharged, since there is flow of hierarchy. For instance, federal agencies such as the FBI can easily apprehend a criminal by acting on reports from state

Alzheimers Disease Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Alzheimers Disease - Assignment Example Library.fiu.edu is the other website that has information regarding Alzheimer’s disease as a topic. This site provides information inform of both primary and secondary sources. All sources fulfill the HONcode principle criterion of authoritative, since each website indicates the qualification of the authors. Attribution is the other criteria that are fulfilled by all the websites, in that they give adequate information regarding the sources of information through citation (Hebda & Czar, 2009). Justifiability is fulfilled since the sites support the claims given through backing up with relevant information. Transparency is adhered to in the manner the information is presented, disclosing all the relevant issues on the topic (Englebardt & Nelson, 2002). Privacy as a HONcode criterion is adhered to by the sources, since confidentiality of the data given is maintained by ensuring no names of the individuals from the data was obtained is mentioned. However, funding disclosure as a HONcode criterion is not fulfilled by the websites. Additionally, Google as a source does not fulfill the principles of complimentarily and advertising policy, since it does not clearly distinguish the advertising information from the real topic content (Hebda & Czar, 2009). Nevertheless, the other two sites fulfill these

The concept of freedom in Yoga philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The concept of freedom in Yoga philosophy - Essay Example It describes how one can remove pain and suffering from their minds and body. It describes the different concepts that form part of our world. This philosophy states that when one feels deep pain in their body, they want to destroy their body and mind (Sinha, 2012). This becomes a problem because we do not have the knowledge on how to destroy our body or mind. The philosopher states that â€Å"life means integration of the body; mind and consciousness, whereby some are unwanted while others are desired† (Buley, 2006). We can see that this philosophy combines consciousness and the body matter. This is shown in the two independent variables namely, the Purusha and the Prakriti. The philosopher concludes by saying that real freedom is obtaining freedom from the three types of pain and suffering the physical, emotional and spiritual (Michaels, 2004). Therefore the philosopher identifies with our experience of pain, fear, anger and any other emotional or physical pain. The philosophy then gives us a means by which we can remove or deal with this pain accordingly. The process by which one removes pain is called the doctrine of cause and effect. It states that â€Å"there is a time and process by which undesirable, painful elements get into our bodies and consciousness and there is a means by which we can reverse it. Every effect has its cause and it is possible to remove the cause, thus removing the effect† (Sinha, 2012). This is true, but us as Human beings, are we able to clearly know what is causing us pain? It is not true that we can effectively identify the causes of our problems. The philosopher was not wrong in saying that we can find the cause and effect of pain, although it is still true that many people have been unable to find the root cause of their pain and suffering. In conclusion we can see that the proponent was able to combine consciousness and the body. Research studies have found that the mind can control what

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act - Essay Example 2008). Wellstar produces xylophine, an anti depressant drug. The company had been accessed recently by ‘Pollution Control Agency’ and the results tended to meet the state requirement. This is a good aspect in relation to environmental conservation. This aspect indicates a fact that the company does not pose any threats to the indigenous people around it. A recent access of the company indicated that Wellstar produces 500kilograms of nickel catalyst as production resultant wastes each month. The company has a policy of preventing the deposition of the catalyst product into the atmosphere but apparently, the nickel substances end up into the soil resulting to the killing of vegetation in the region. Nickel does not have an immediate impact on human pollution however; it accumulates in the soil as well as aquatic plants and animals such as fish. A high concentration of nickel leads to formation of compound as it is highly reactive with various gases in the atmosphere. These compounds are carcinogenic and mostly result to lung cancer infection. These notion violets Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 40CFR part 268, which provides regulation of waste disposal thus prohibiting the disposal of hazardous waste on land without prior treatment. Excessive nickel in plants also affects their growth thus leading to statured growth in plant. This decreases the production level of farms produce as well as raw materials for production and manufacturing industries. Minnesota is a leading Agricultural state in the United State of America and thus the resultant effects of the environmental pollution posed by Wellstar Company may in turn affect neighbouring states negative impacts to the eco nomic systems of these states. Low production of farm products might lead to the rise of food prices in the market. The old Waste Management act

Lawsuits against Counselors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lawsuits against Counselors - Essay Example In 2001, a high school counselor was sued because a student claimed he was told a particular English class was accredited, but he later lost his scholarship because it wasn't. The guidance counselor denied giving the student that advice, but the courts ruled in favor of the student. Karla Scoon Reid's news report reads, "A high school counselor can be sued for dispensing academic advice that has an adverse effect on a student." In this instance, the counselor could have saved himself the trouble by double-checking to make sure the class was properly accredited, especially since it was new to the high school's curriculum. With recent allegations having come forth regarding Catholic priests and molestation/rape, it is no wonder that failure to report child abuse is a huge faux pas. Child abuse charges that need to be reported are not only ones of a sexual nature, but also physical abuse. As well, clergy counselors are especially susceptible. A website report on clergy counselors reads, "At least nine states have permitted adults who were abused as children to sue clergy counselors (para. 1)." Since each state has different laws, counselors who are made aware of child abuse need to stay updated on exactly what allegations need to be reported, and which officials are appropriate to contact in each specific case. The most common cause of lawsuits against counselors, perhaps, is failure to prevent suicide.

The Beach Essay Example for Free

The Beach Essay The beaches of Panama City is very nice, but overly crowded. The sand inhabited beach, relaxation in the sun, and fun times. Ah, you’ve arrived to one of your favorite places on Earth, the beach, the magnificent place that God created for relaxation and fun. The beautiful ocean right in front of you. The sand in between your toes, and the blissful sounds of the waves splashing against the shore line. You look around to see the yellow beam of sun shining down on you creating a sense of warmth and happiness throughout your body. You look around to see the different types of people, adults, children, teenagers. The adults are thrilled to be away from their overwhelming everyday lives and are finally able to relax. The children are all exceptionally thrilled about their time at the beach, with their beach toys and friends. The teenagers are thrilled to get to chill, and hang out at the beach, and to get away from their scheduled lives of school and sports etc. The sand surrounding the clear aqua ocean is being occupied by many beach towels, umbrellas and chairs. Children are sprinting in the sand and screaming at the top of their lungs as they splash in the water playfully, teens are creating conversation with new friends they’ve just met. You can hear the different types of people squealing at one another in the midst of playing and what not. You look around trying to figure out which fine dining establishment is sending the amazing smells of fresh seafood your way, hoping that maybe tonight you’ll be able to go chow down on your favorite foods. Beach shops prepare for their day of excited travelers bustling in and out of their small seafront shops. Opening their doors, they bring out all of the beach merchandise hoping to sell to the ongoing tourists. As the day comes to a fault there are still activities to be had, crabbing and night walks on the beaches. Some like to watch the sunsets that turns the sea a burnt shade of orange, and the skies a faint color of orange and a mixture of blue which sometimes can result in a pretty cotton candy color. If there are clouds in the sky, it gives a stunning grayish cast that can be quite interesting to look at. The beach is a wonderful place for relaxation, fun in the sun and an overall good time!

HR Plan of Action for QV Solar LLC Essay Example for Free

HR Plan of Action for QV Solar LLC Essay QV Solar LLC has experienced rapid growth that has seen an increase it its staff from 15 to 54 last year in spite of the global economic recession. In order to maintain the position and develop the company as a â€Å"green† company, the Company’s HR proposes a series of strategies that will encourage change and an increase in productivity. The policies will mainly focus primarily on improving the efficiency of the Company’s current workforce since hiring of new employees will not be an immediate viable scheme. The plan will target making the staff understand the company’s mission better by reevaluating their roles and understanding what is specifically expected of them for enhanced success of the company. In order to realize effective change among staff, the HR will target capacity building and teamwork as key concepts of management and ensure that adequate resources are provided to facilitate creation of an environment that favors much success. The HR will design a structure that facilitates constructive feedback from all departments in order to facilitate a systematic flow of information at various organization levels. The smooth flow of information will ultimately lead to the development of better opportunities for a more rapid growth of the company. QV Solar LLC’s HR Plan of Action will be based on Joel Ross and Michael Kami’s opinion that â€Å"managers should avoid organizational rigor mortis†¦ that change is inevitable, and the organization as well as its people must accommodate the change (McConnell 315). The plan of action will also embrace the fact that the only thing that lasts in organizations is change. That change is with organizations and keeps accelerating them. This change will not be produced by internal action only but will also be a factor of external actions- such as consideration of the value of customers to the company (McConnell 315). The HR will focus on changes in product innovation by ensuring that solar panels are tailored as per customer specifications. In order to achieve this, QV Solar LLC should focus on feedback from staff when they install solar panels for customers. Along this line, staff should be trained to facilitate better installation and human relation with customers. The training program will entail integration of staff and customer ideas to ensure that the solar panels are of the highest quality and thus promote QV Solar LLC as a â€Å"greener† company. The training program will be followed by a follow-up evaluation to monitor its effectiveness with a view that customers’ ideas are vital for the Company’s success. The Company’s objective to maintain a clean environment will be facilitated by incorporating customers in a program where they can return their panels to the company for recycling as a means of exercising corporate responsibility. This will also emphasize the fact that change is realized not only from within an organization but also from customers and the prevailing environment. In order to capture a larger share of the market, the HR will review staff performance from time to time and ensure that their skills are constantly ameliorated. This will be will be achieved by ensuring that the employees can work in various departments in different capacities in order to develop a multiplicity of skills that will enhance the company’s productivity without necessarily having to hire more staff. In summary, QV Solar LLC’s Plan of Action will entail strategies that aim at improving productivity by improving the efficiency of employees while recognizing the customer as the most important part of the organization.

Report on Modernising Social Services

Report on Modernising Social Services Introduction The â€Å"Modernising Social Services† report (Secretary of State for Health 1998) concerns New Labour’s policy for improving social services that emphasises the important role this plays in helping people deal with personal crisis and life-changing events. In this report, social services were criticised for not previously meeting public expectations in key areas including: Inconsistencies in provision across the country. Inefficiencies in effective use of financial budgets. A lack of public awareness of what services should be available by whom. Insufficient safeguards to protect vulnerable children. Failures in co-ordination where, for example, local authorities disagreed on which body should be responsible for care. Inflexibility as regards individual needs and circumstances. To rectify these deficiencies, the report recommended improvements in all the areas listed. For example, with the elderly, this was to involve awarding payments directly to those aged 65 and over, thus promoting greater personal control as well as reshaping services to initiate greater independence and reduce inactivity. A long-term care charter was also to be introduced to further individual needs with assessments to gauge customer satisfaction. Children’s services were to be improved by introducing robust new inspection regimes for care with a national register to prevent undesirable individuals from working and coming into contact with children. Similar safeguards were to be introduced for the mentally ill. To achieve the required standards, new qualifications and training of staff were to be introduced and legislation enacted to improve liaison between various relevant bodies such as health and social services. An annual government report was to be established monitoring s ervice delivery by both local authorities and social services with action taken where standards failed to meet requirements. To finance these changes, annual funding was to be raised by 3.1 per cent per annum over three years and a Social Services Modernisation Fund inaugurated where funds were to be focussed on key areas. The report hoped that these initiatives would lead to real improvements in services covering all the sectors specified leading to a restoration of the public’s confidence but concluded that this modernisation would be a long term process of which the report represented just one step towards attaining significant improvements during the early part of the 21st century (section 8.1 and 8.2). Previous policy towards social care Although the health service had been comparatively successful in improving health up until the beginning of the 1980’s, it became a victim of its own success as those cured of present illnesses became ill at an older, more vulnerable, age (Glasby, 2007 p. 33) leading to greater pressure on social services in general. To offset the spiralling costs, the Thatcher government, which came to power in 1979, thus moved away from care provided by government bodies to a system based more on self reliance predicated on the notion that the demands of welfare was affecting the UK economy (Alcock 1996). This led to various market-based reforms in response two reports (Griffiths 1983, 1988) where integrated management structures were recommended at all levels of both the NHS and social services where the emphasis was to be on efficiency. In addition, the amount of funding available for the NHS reduced and ways were implemented to improve efficiency and service provision that culminated in a government White Paper (Dept. of Health 1989a) that saw the introduction of the internal market and the purchaser/provider divide. Similarly, in social care, social service departments were to both plan and organize community care with local authorities acting as purchases of the different care facilities available a scheme that has been criticised for transferring the increasing government budget onto local authorities despite the apparent aim of the Caring for People reforms (Dept. of Health 1989b) that sort to empower individuals by providing greater choice. The extent of the government’s limited response to these and other recommendations can be gauged by Griffiths (1992) the author of the two Griffiths’ reports criticism of the lack of positive action. The government’s policy was also criticised because, with a shift of responsibility to families, voluntary organizations and individuals themselves, a means was provided whereby privatisation could be pro moted and free care reduced (Baggot 2004, p.276). The result of these policies was that by 1989 the share of private and voluntary organizations had expanded to cover half the long term provision for care of the elderly. Moreover, those reforms introduces as a result of the Griffiths Report led to defensive management and reduced morale among professionals working in social care during the 1990’s (Baggot 2004 p. 279). Policy under New Labour With the election of New Labour in 1997 a â€Å"third way† was offered as a means of bridging the divide between right-wing reliance on market forces and the more socially driven attitudes of the left. This culminated in the 1998 report on social care that came out of the Labour parties wish for â€Å"joined up government† that endeavoured to link the various agencies together, especially services to do with health and social welfare – two departments that had previously operated as relatively separate entities (Glasby 2007, p. 7). Thus, interagency working became one of the main areas of concern after 1998. The reality, however, seems to indicate that there were important changes as well as continuities with previous policies (ibid p. 36). Thus, there was an undertaking to stay within previous spending limits but the internal market was abolished. Later, however, spending limits were broken with large increases in expenditure and the internal market was replaced with a similarly functioning primary care commissioning system. In this respect, the government expressed the wish to build only on that which had previously proved effective (Dept. of Health 1997). One policy that continued accordingly involved the closing of large institutions that helped to deinstitutionalise the attitudes of inmates and staff (Baggot 2004). The policy of community care was hence strengthened whereby individuals from groups such as the mentally ill, the elderly, those with learning difficulties, etc., were given more say in decisions about care and the various options for living in the community or at home. Glasby (ibid), however, has criticised the concept of community care because, although facilities became more human in scale and community oriented, they still tended to be institutional in outlook with the previous ethos in relation to providers and users continuing to prevail well into the 21st century. In addition, up to 2001, there were still obvious disp arities in delivery of policies across local authorities. Despite this negativity, government publications such as â€Å"Valuing People† (Dept. of Health 2001) had, at least, shifted emphasis by highlighting the main issues. The trend whereby the independent sector took charge of residential and nursing homes continued, however, to the extent that nearly all commercial and voluntary organizations now came under independent control a trend also reflected in home care where independent involvement had increased to about fifty per cent by 2002 (Baggot 2004, p.282). The tendency towards more central government control in monitoring social care and the integration of services also continued but there were strong criticisms as regards the regulation of care homes (Fahey et al 2003). A series of regulatory acts during from 2000 onwards, however, attempted to remedy this situation (Baggot 2004, p. 292) and a performance framework was introduced with a â€Å"Best Value† system to gauge efficiency that was later censured for emphasising cost over quality. Conclusion Although there have been many recommendations for change to social services since the 1980’s, the application of these to the real world has been piecemeal and often influenced by political expediency. The move towards independent provision during the Conservative period, although well intentioned, led to a cutback in funding with problems concerning standards and monitoring with the move towards care in the community leading to difficulties of integration of services across providers and communication between professional groups. With the arrival of New Labour, the policy of care in the community continued with attempts at greater integration, improvement of standards, and increased monitoring leading to different levels of success. Regional variations in provision continued and the rhetoric was not always met with real change that may be a consequence of the fact that long-standing attitudes continued to influence actual policy. Moreover, the move towards care in the communi ty has still not been matched by corresponding high quality services or adequate liaison between professional groups and providers to the extent that the aims of the â€Å"Modernising Social Services† report still remain to be achieved. Ultimately, it seems a paradox continues to exist between an approach where people are regarded as citizens having equal rights to service that is opposed to the alternative whereby individuals are viewed as customers with the right to choose a â€Å"product†. Continuing tensions relating to this dichotomy may be the source of ongoing shortfalls in provision that have led to ongoing problems with regard to local health and social service integration. Nevertheless, as the report on â€Å"Modernising Social Services† has emphasised, improvements to the system were expected to be a gradual stepwise process which seems to be confirmed by the various measured enhancements in services to date. Bibliography Alcock, P. Social Policy: Themes and issues. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Baggot, R. 2004. Health and Health Care in Britain. Palgrave: Houndmills. Dept. of Health. 1989a Working for patients. HMSO: London. Dept. of Health. 1989b Caring for people. HMSO: London. Dept. of Health. 1997. The new NHS: Modern, dependable. The Stationary Office: London. Dept. of Health. 2001. Valuing People: A new strategy for learning disability for the 21st century. The Stationary Office: London. Fahey, T., Montgomery, A., Barnes, J. and Protheroe, J. 2003. Quality of Care for Elderly Residents. in Nursing Homes and Elderly People Living at Home: Controlled Observational Study. British Medical Journal. 326. pp. 580-583, Glasby, J. 2007. Understanding Health and Social Care. The Policy Press: Bristol. Griffiths R. 1983. NHS management inquiry (The Griffiths Report). DHSS: London. Griffiths, R. 1988. Community care: Agenda for action (The Griffiths Report). HMSO: London. Griffiths, R. 1993 Seven years of progress – general management in the NHS. Health Economics. 1 (1): pp. 67-70. Secretary of State. 1998 Modernising Social Services – Promoting independence. Improving protection. Raising standards. The Stationary Office: London.

Relationship Roadblocks :: essays research papers

Relationship Roadblocks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first major topic the text brings forward in chapter 6 is the concept of relationship roadblocks. As the name implies these seven categories act as the downfalls to relationships. The concepts cover a wide range of types of problems from being tongue tied to giving up too much of your self to have a relationship. These concepts also happen at many different stages in relationship development however they primarily occur during the beginning or pre-relationship period. The first roadblock to a relation ship is high expectations. This concept describes how pop culture; media and even friends relationships can make us want to have the perfect relationship when that perfect relation ship does not exist. I do want the perfect relationship but do realize that in order to achieve this takes much effort on both persons part.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second is holding the believe that a relationship should be easy. This makes the claim that because people communicate everyday that communicating in a relationship should be very easy. I do fall victim to this roadblock. I like to enjoy relationships and all the fun and happiness that go along with them however I do not like to deal with the inevitable problems that come up with them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fear of failure is the third roadblock to relationships. This is when people are scared to get into a relationship. I do not suffer from this roadblock. I believe that if you don’t try and fail sometimes you have zero chance of trying and succeeding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The forth roadblock states that If I just relax, a good relationship will find me. This states that people expect friendships and relationships will just appear and present themselves in front of you. This philosophy believes that if you put forth effort to find someone you won’t find them. This makes no sense to me finding a good relationship   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The bozo pill is the ultimate mistake when trying to start a relationship. This is when you see an attractive person and your mind goes to mush. You can’t discern words, even your own name to say them. The bozos could also be tripping or running into something. Generally the bozos is embarrassing yourself during the first impression and ruining any chances you had for beginning a friendship. The most important point is that the first impression is unforgiving you need to try to be smooth. The book makes the point that this happens to every one at some time.

Origin and Fate of the Empire of Mali :: World History

Origin and Fate of the Empire of Mali Introduction In its peak, the people of Mali occupied land as far west as the Atlantic Ocean. They also traveled as far east as Gao, the capital of the Songhai, as far south as the Niger bend, and as far north as the Sahara desert. They built a great empire between 1240 and 1337 that underwent a course of slow decline until the seventeenth century. History The empire of Mali originated from a small country known as Kangaba. Its people where known as the Mandingo (they have also been called the Malinke and the Mandinka). After the breakup of Ghana, the Sosso, who had caused the breakup, were still in power. Apparently Sundiata, an heir to the Mandingo throne raised an army and defeated the Sosso in the battle of Kirina. Afterward, Sundiata established the empire of Mali. He converted to Islam for support of the Muslim peoples. When Mansa Musa came into power, in the early 1300s, the empire reached its height. Mansa Musa traveled through Cairo on his pilgrimage to Mecca. It is said that he gave away so much gold that it dropped in value in Cairo for 12 years. Afterward the empire slowly declined, until, in the 1600s it was no more than it had been originally when it originated: the small kingdom of Kangaba. Government The government of Mali was a dictatorship. The dictator, who had the title of Mansa, was the sole secular and religious leader of his people, though not he did not enjoy the same power as Egyptian Pharaohs did. The base of government was located in the capital, known as Niani. It was once written by a traveler that a person could travel safely without fear of harm, and that the people of Mali hated injustice and the Mansa did not tolerate injustice at all. The military branch of government was constant. There was a standing army of professional soldiers, so that Mali was ready for a battle without having to raise an army every time. Religion The religion in Mali was divided between two groups. The merchants, traders, and government officials, including the Mansa, were Islam, though, apparently, they did not adhere to it very well. Women were allowed freedom and even the Mansa still believed in the "spirit of the land." The basic peasant farmer believed in a "spirit of the land" to whom he prayed so that

Telecommunication Essay -- Technology Computer Networks Essays

Telecommunication 1. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computer and telephone networks inflict a gigantic impact on today's society. From letting you call John in Calgary to letting you make a withdraw at your friendly ATM machine they control the flow of information. But today's complicated and expensive networks did not start out big and complicated but rather as a wire and two terminals back in 1844. From these simple networks to the communication giants of today we will look at the evolution of the network and the basis on which it functions. 2. The Beginnings 2.1. Dot Dot Dot Dash Dash Dash Dot Dot Dot   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The network is defined as a system of lines or structures that cross. In telecommunications this is a connection of peripherals together so that they can exchange information. The first such exchange of information was on May 24, 1844 when Samuel Morse sent the famous message "What hath God wrought" from the US Capitol in Washington D.C. across a 37 mile wire to Baltimore using the telegraph. The telegraph is basically an electromagnet connected to a battery via a switch. When the switch is down the current flows from the battery through the key, down the wire, and into the sounder at the other end of the line. By itself the telegraph could express only two states, on or off. This limitation was eliminated by the fact that it was the duration of the connection that determined the dot and dash from each other being short and long respectively. From these combinations of dots and dashes the Morse code was formed. The code included all the letters of the English alphabet, all the numbers and several punctuation marks. A variation to the telegraph was a receiving module that Morse had invented. The module consisted of a mechanically operated pencil and a roll of paper. When a message was received the pencil would draw the corresponding dashes and dots on the paper to be deciphered later. Many inventors including Alexander Bell and Thomas Edison sought to revolutionize the telegraph. Edison devised a deciphering machine. This machine when receiving Morse code would print letters corresponding to the Morse code on a roll of paper hence eliminating the need for decoding the code. 2.2. Mr. Watson, Come Here!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first successful telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. He along with Elisha Gray fought against t... ... they use different addressing protocols, only routers may be used. During these times MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) are in use and development today. These use routers that are connected preferably via a fiber optic cable, to create one large network. 5.2. Pluto Calling Earth!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Any networks larger than 1000m typically rely on telephone digital lines for data transfer. These networks are called Circuit Switched Digital Networks . Circuit Switched Digital Networks utilize a switching matrix at the central office of a telephone company that connects local calls to long distance services. The Telephone companies now offer dial up circuits with signaling rates of 56, 64, and 384 kilobits per second as well as 1.544 megabits per second. Another type of LAN to LAN connections are packet switching networks. These are services that a network router calls up on a digital line. They consist of a group of packet switches that are connected via intraswitch trunks (usually fiber optic) that relay addressed packets of information between them. Once the packet reaches the destination packet switch, it sends it via another digital connection to the receiving router. Telecommunication Essay -- Technology Computer Networks Essays Telecommunication 1. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computer and telephone networks inflict a gigantic impact on today's society. From letting you call John in Calgary to letting you make a withdraw at your friendly ATM machine they control the flow of information. But today's complicated and expensive networks did not start out big and complicated but rather as a wire and two terminals back in 1844. From these simple networks to the communication giants of today we will look at the evolution of the network and the basis on which it functions. 2. The Beginnings 2.1. Dot Dot Dot Dash Dash Dash Dot Dot Dot   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The network is defined as a system of lines or structures that cross. In telecommunications this is a connection of peripherals together so that they can exchange information. The first such exchange of information was on May 24, 1844 when Samuel Morse sent the famous message "What hath God wrought" from the US Capitol in Washington D.C. across a 37 mile wire to Baltimore using the telegraph. The telegraph is basically an electromagnet connected to a battery via a switch. When the switch is down the current flows from the battery through the key, down the wire, and into the sounder at the other end of the line. By itself the telegraph could express only two states, on or off. This limitation was eliminated by the fact that it was the duration of the connection that determined the dot and dash from each other being short and long respectively. From these combinations of dots and dashes the Morse code was formed. The code included all the letters of the English alphabet, all the numbers and several punctuation marks. A variation to the telegraph was a receiving module that Morse had invented. The module consisted of a mechanically operated pencil and a roll of paper. When a message was received the pencil would draw the corresponding dashes and dots on the paper to be deciphered later. Many inventors including Alexander Bell and Thomas Edison sought to revolutionize the telegraph. Edison devised a deciphering machine. This machine when receiving Morse code would print letters corresponding to the Morse code on a roll of paper hence eliminating the need for decoding the code. 2.2. Mr. Watson, Come Here!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first successful telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. He along with Elisha Gray fought against t... ... they use different addressing protocols, only routers may be used. During these times MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) are in use and development today. These use routers that are connected preferably via a fiber optic cable, to create one large network. 5.2. Pluto Calling Earth!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Any networks larger than 1000m typically rely on telephone digital lines for data transfer. These networks are called Circuit Switched Digital Networks . Circuit Switched Digital Networks utilize a switching matrix at the central office of a telephone company that connects local calls to long distance services. The Telephone companies now offer dial up circuits with signaling rates of 56, 64, and 384 kilobits per second as well as 1.544 megabits per second. Another type of LAN to LAN connections are packet switching networks. These are services that a network router calls up on a digital line. They consist of a group of packet switches that are connected via intraswitch trunks (usually fiber optic) that relay addressed packets of information between them. Once the packet reaches the destination packet switch, it sends it via another digital connection to the receiving router.

The Transitions of Women’s Role in the Society

From the beginning of time, females have been considered the inferior sex. They have been given titles such as, â€Å"fragile, delicate, weak†¦ † beings when in fact women have proved that they are certainly equal as men, if not stronger. Child labor is one physical aspect of their strengths that women endure while others constitute taking over the duties of their male counterparts while they fought in the major wars for the country. Yet history hardly gave women credit for their accomplishments in the 19th and early 20th century. When history did give the female sex a voice, it consisted of their participation in the traditional roles cast upon them as wives and then mothers. Outside of this realm, women†s activities were considered unusual or accidental. This was certainly the case with Latin America, a complex, diverse, stratified region composed of many different nations. It seems appropriate at this time to undertake a search of the history of Mexico in order to probe the little known mysteries of the women†s actual role in society. My search will revolve around the regime of Porfirio Diaz, commonly known as the Porfiriato. Women of every class and background were involved in many diverse undertakings during that period. Vivian Vallens in her book, Working Women in Mexico during the Porfiriato depicted this picture well. She discussed the upper and middle class women briefly so that a rounded view of women†s activities can be understood. Her book concentrated around the theme of Mexican women working in the textile and cigar-making factories from 1880 – 1910. She stressed how their traditional roles went through a great transition in response to the rise of industrialism and the labor policies of the Diaz regime. Prior the Industrial Revolution, women played a direct role in the economy and in the development of society. Most of the population lived on large estates or haciendas on which all production took place for each family. Women worked alongside men in the fields or in home enterprises; in addition to their economic contribution, women also undertook the task of bearing and raising a large family. With the Industrial Revolution came many changes in economics, politics, society, and in the role of women. The production of many necessities shifted out of the home and into the factories. Many families moved to urban areas to better their economic status and to become a part of the new society. The government practiced laissez faire (no regulation of the business sector) which allowed the factory owners to abuse their workers to reap great profits. The working class was most affected by the Industrial Revolution. Upper and middle class women found themselves with considerable time on their hands since the new economy assumed the production of many household items. While the upper-class women busied themselves with their looks and entertainment, the middle-class women developed the idea of motherhood as a full-time occupation. These women retreated from their previous roles and public life by totally centering their lives around their husband and children. This change set a pattern of the ideal activities for women being centered around the home and family. Gradually, however, some upper and middle class women found this rather narrow concept of their roles too rigid and restrictive, and they became involved in many activities in order to open educational and occupational opportunities for women. It was the Diaz government and the positivist view that allowed the women to educate themselves and grow both mentally and socially. As Vallens described it, The positivist concepts about education ‘had a profound effect on Mexican women†¦ of the middle sectors,†¦ Juarez and his associates offered women an education and a chance to work outside the home. † They looked to the women of the middle sectors as potential teachers. Yucatan, for example, became one of the first states to make secondary education available to women. As teachers, the Mexican women served not only as agents of literacy, but also as instigators of change and advocates of new ideas. The positivists had originally instituted education to bring conformity; nevertheless, educated women seemed to bring exactly the opposite. The number of women attending both primary and secondary schools steadily increased. Schools for women were established in the Federal District as well as in leading provincial cities. Women began to enter the teaching profession in ever increasing numbers. â€Å"By 1895, 51. 3% of all the teachers were women and by 1910 this figure had raised to 64. 4%. † A select number of women went on to get higher education and became professionals such as lawyers and doctors. Vallens indicated that such women included Maria Asuncion Sandoval de Zarco and Matilda Montoya. They not only tested their traditional role but also pioneered a path for others to follow. The lower-class women of Mexico faced an entirely different type of change in their pattern of living. The lower class women moved to the urban surroundings to better their economic status with their families. Forced to work in the factories to support their families, these women enlarged their circle of association and this helped them become aware of the communality of the problems faced by working women. This shift had a tremendous impact because the urban life had the effect of broadening their scope and developing their militancy. Working class women began to thrust aside their earlier attitudes of passive submission and became involved in group activities and organizations. Vallens portrays their struggle in the textile and cigar-making factories. Their docile attitude in the beginning allowed the factory owners to take advantage of them and abuse their condition terribly. The owners hired women so they can reap more profits by paying them less than men. For example, the Cocolapam textile factory in 1893 employed 90 men, 240 women, and 15 children. Wages varied by factory, by sex, and by age. Conditions under which they worked were horrible and unsanitary. Even more women worked in the cigar-making factories, thus subject to higher percentage of abuse. The Mexican women cigar-makers worked fourteen to fifteen hours per day with each woman searched for factory products before she went home. They too worked in unhygienic atmosphere with low roofs and no ventilation. Originally, upon first arriving from the rural areas, they accepted any salary or condition of work set by the factory owners of both industries without any protest. With time, however, Vallens indicates that their traditional outlook was slowly discarded after the women were exposed to economic self-dependence and the â€Å"spirit of growing militancy among their fellow factory workers. â€Å"(38) They realized that they could challenge and protest many of the owner†s actions. Their concept of their proper role changed and they responded to their pressures by organizing, protesting, and striking. A number of socialists and anarchists helped give leadership to these early organizations. Their political philosophy stressed, among other points, the need for inclusion of women in all levels of activity. For example, Santiago Villanueva – an anarchist – stressed the theme of women†s rights and responsibilities both in Mexican society and within the labor movement. This encouragement allowed women to actively participate in meetings of the labor movement. As a result, women like Carmen Huerta became prominent labor leaders and were elected president of the Congress of workers. Vallens† book was interesting and easy to follow. She clearly stated her point and used hard evidence from her sources to prove that point. Her use of statistics made her point all the more believable and very realistic. What was shocking to me was that she was able to retrieve such statistics and stories of women†s leadership when history gave them a silent voice. Women, of that era, in fact saw the need for organization and so they played a role in such a development as a result of their tragic experiences. Many leaders rose to the occasion and served as an inspiration; they laid the groundwork for working women†s acceptance into more active and public roles. They learned their lesson well – that only through collective action could change be made. Such leadership and action cannot be considered accidental or inconsequential as societies of the past have labeled women heroes. Vallens, through her clear-cut style of writing, showed the reader that women in Mexico did not have a quite voice as history has written. They possessed a loud voice and when they realized they did, they used it! Vallens† theme of the changing role of women and their growing level of consciousness can be best described by Josefina Reyes in La Mujer en el hogar y en la sociedad, Happily we belong to a generation that has the good fortune to conceive the sublime idea of the emancipation of woman, one of the greatest steps that humanity has taken along the broad path of progress. We are now no longer in the error of believing that woman was made only for the home†¦ and†¦ family.

Marketing Plan Of Toyota Essay

Executive Summary A company of automobiles named Toyota Motor Corporation owned by Australia has a very vast range of cars. There is a part of manufacturing in the industry named as prius car is one of the best hybrid coactions drivers which are best drivers in the environment of today. It also creates a competitive atmosphere between other businesses due to the provision of best  fuel system. In the beginning of the report about the introduction and the background of company is explained. There is a current analysis about the different products, environment and competition of Toyota’s operation. An analysis named as SWOT is conducted to tell about the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of any business and its environment. The objectives and the strategies can be recognized on the bases of these important factors and complicated issues. For the improvement of the product quality, some plans are thought for the finishing of counsel. For the illustration of the position and the perfo rmance of any product, the presented report has different types of graph of company. Introduction In the world ranking of car manufacturing, Toyota Company has a distinct position in manufacturing and distribution. Good performance and presentation of company is due to the well planned system of company. The company gain many alcove of market with the help of many notable features. One cannot explain the whole construction about the operation of the company. It is also considered as monopoly. This company is one biggest company of Car freighting in the world. Especially in DC, s, the strategies of differentiation presents this company as monopolist almost. Along with it, this system also has some features of oligopoly. The presence of squint competitors like GM is also one of the reasons of this fact. Toyota is eager to see the performance of its rivals and want to confirm its leadership through their actions. Toyota Motor Corporation is also manufacturing minivans, passenger vans, diversion and sports automobiles throughout the world. There are 45 manufacturing companies and 12 foundry of Toyota officially attached in Japan. From the year of 2010, this corporation is doing work on its program of deliberately global vision. Policies like good’s recycling and posture of pro-environment are also illustrated by this program. It also has a new idea to give latest and new chances to the markets of Asia by giving them respect. It also has a goal of getting 35% of automobiles by Spout of the newly  established markets. In the markets of Asia, it’s the ides of the Toyota Company to give honor to the different people from different communities. And spout the newly developed markets to have almost 35% of automobiles. There is need of local production of the automobiles for local customization. Toyota has an honor of becoming the first manufacturing organization in the year of 1990. The main focus of Toyota Company for establishing local markets is on Europe, Asia and North America. On the bases of cost efficiencies, Toyota has responded very fast by pass through the regional and trade hurdles. Toyota laid more stress on its reputation and image. In America, the cost of Toyota products is not affordable. But customer depends and trusts on the product of Toyota so it is completing its journey successfully. Toyota Company gain first rank in the year of 2007 as well as in the year of 2008 in the sailing of cars. There are two distinct duties on Toyota. Due to its hybrid products and items, Toyota is going ahead in competition. Although eco-friendly consumers are asking for newly established brands it is the aim of Toyota to produce new models with advance technology. Another opportunity of Toyota is to make unused market for youth. A motivating revolution is introduced by Scion. There are some indicators like product designing, product marketing and credit help will considered as a great chance in future. The large population of china has identified and the purchasing power and business of Toyota increased. In this way it’s easy for china to establish its main office in china. Due to the economic development in South America, it increases the purchase of full size Toyota’s trucks. Full sized SUV of Toyota is demanded increasingly in Middle East. This is the result of appreciation of Toyota. According its efficient export system, Toyota is acting. Among the total 500 companies, Toyota is the 5th best company. In international strategies, Toyota is become successful. There is many strategies made by Toyota. There is a clear concept of production, marketing and supply. The important and compulsory key points of Toyota are its production as well as improvement system. The concepts which make the company strong are Kaizen and new themes of many areas. To establish the chain or link of supply, management of inventory, capabilities of production and planning method there is a system of TPS (Toyota production system). For the domination of Toyota upon all around  the Toyota industry TPS make it powerful. Basically, Toyota was firstly established in Japan and soon spread its root all around the world. There is no doubt about the domination of Toyota all around the world. There are some targets of Toyota like establishment of long term growth, for making the friendly relations with people, society and whole environment. Toyota is also providing the chances of employment in America. To achieve the higher place in international market, mostly common issues like social, economic and cultural give permission to place equity. Strategic Plan and focus For the overall affects for the planning for Toyota, there are three main points for our focus. They are as follows, Mission Statement of the Company Prosperous and developed society with the help of automobiles is the aim of Toyota Corporation. For this purpose, the company is struggling for a developed and growths for long period for harmonize with all the important aspects, the prominent atmosphere, international bargain, homegrown communities and international stake holders. The Goals of the Company The every model which is sold in the market, the company gives offer about the alternation of hybrid. In this way company achieve its goal of sailing 1 million of hybrid automobiles within a year. And company was succeeding by achieving this goal in the year of 2012. In the year of 2011, in six different fields, Toyota Company is improving its plans. The fields are like changes in energy and climate, air quality, substance concerned, resources utilization and recycling and social cooperation. In the decreasing carbon dioxide company is playing vital role. By seeing the values of fuel economy, the company believed in doing combine actions. Core Competencies and Competitive Advantages For getting a better economic sustainable position, company is working with  the help of international market. Company is started to invest in different kinds of strategies so that the company can get its targets with the help of latest technology. Company is full with the experts so they do research on all the aspects which are the fact that keep this company on the top. There is a large network of its distributions which help it to reach on the top. Situation Analysis We can give the credit to internal environment which have the ability of high efficiency and ranking of quality. The companies which are famous in competition, it give them greater importance and top class management. For the understanding the whole position of company, we can use an analysis named SWOT which have the capacity of examine the advantages as well as disadvantages of company. And at last show the full situation of company. SWOT Analysis of Toyota We can refer advantages and disadvantages of any company as its internal factors because these have a large effect on company. On the other hand chances and threats are considered as outside aspects of company. Basic Strengths of Toyota Innovative culture One of the best companies of innovation in the world is Toyota. It has a powerful custom about the innovations which are constant. Kanban, Kaizen, and TQM systems were firstly introduced in world market by Toyota this company also sell hybrid automobiles as well as famous for mass-production. Brand reputation which has the valued about $30 billion The most valued and costly brand of automobile is Toyota. This brand is successful due to its friendly environmentally, durable and safe cars. These automobiles are wholesaled countries that number near about 170 of the world. Industry is considered as a leader in production and sales Lean manufacturing and total quality management are such reforms which are  firstly used by Toyota for the procedure of manufacture. For a shorter duration, company does practice and had a very low manufacturing as well as production cost throughout the world. Many companies try to replicate the system of manufacturing which is used by Toyota but Toyota is still most profitable company throughout the world. Portfolio of a Strong brand Recently, 70 different models of car are sold by Toyota. This become the reason of awareness among people about this brand and also become a source of satisfaction for its clients. Prius and Corolla are the most important models of Toyota. Toyota is the leading green cars development It is the thinking of Toyota Company that today environmental friendly cars become need. In the terms of CO2 emissions and fuel-efficiency for a car consumer become well-aware. And a very few companies can compete with Toyota in sell of hybrid automobiles. In 170 countries of world, in global organization, it has a powerful international rank. In 1997 Toyota’s sells was 131,511 million yen and growth rate was 29.3%. It has an effective image on the bases of quality, environmental friendly and customized range. It is leader of industry in terms of manufacturing and production. With the help of lean approaches of manufacturing like just-in-time manufacturing, quality management etc. In all strong markets like US, China and EMEA Toyota is become 2nd largest producing company of automobiles. It has a diversified range of production. There are highly targeted markets. Company is producing vehicles for public as well as private customers. For fulfilling the needs of clients, company s using different marketing techniques. It is the brand which is also said as household brand. Weaknesses of Toyota Large-scale recalls For the last few decades, Toyota is a large-scale automobiles industry. In the years of 2009-2010 company sell 9 million cars and in the year of 2010 its sell reached at 7.43 million. Such recall may cause for affecting the  company financially and also affect its brands. Toyota has a low presence in the weak market Toyota’s major markets are in US, Europe and Japan, and it also establishing it’s a branch in china and India. But there are small percentage total sales of Toyota in India and China. In China, Toyota finds it difficult to compete with General Motors because of the poor automobiles in China. GM has large shares. Opportunities of Toyota Positive attitude towards â€Å"green† vehicles. Users of Toyota are well aware of the air contamination created by the cars. The carbon dioxide is emitted in large quantities which create intensity in the greenhouse which are causing all these kind of pollution. So consumer become conscious and wants to buy cars like hybrid and electric cars because these cars reduce CO2. Increasing fuel prices. Due to the high price of fuel, Toyota is shifting to efficient cars instead of hybrid cars. The needs of the people are changing Toyota satisfies different changing needs and tastes of people by offering new models and have an access over a wide group of customers Acquisition and growth   In the past, Toyota has succeeded in acquiring other companies and has grown new assets skills and also had access to the new market. Innovation It is the company which firstly produces marketable mass and hybrid gas electric vehicles such as Prius model. It is built on the R&D and innovative technologies. Due to rise in fuel prices, clients are looking for any other source for fewer prices and guzzling cars. New models of Toyota i.e. Aygo model by Toyota is for the aggressions of segmentation. Toyota doesn’t want to take a share in youth market. Production of fuel efficient cars is beneficial; they have fewer effects on environment. For producing new cars for social and institutional demands, the cars like electric cars and hybrid fuels have the impacts on setting. Toyota’s (Eco-VAS) becomes helpful in the procedure of construction, usage and discarding as well. In the fresh markets similar to India, Russia and china there is global increase continuously due to high population and demand. Threats of Toyota Falling fuel prices Because of the mining of more shale gas, it is clearly seen that in future fuel prices will drop. This is the reason that there is less attraction of consumers towards fuel-efficient hybrid and electric cars. These are main group for Prius model of Toyota. New standards for emission Presented by govt. these innovative and latest emissions become clearer engine for investment we can say that if there is more investment then Toyota’s profit becomes less. Rising raw material prices. For any automobile company the rise in the raw material price is very essential for manufacturing of automobiles. Higher price leads to higher cost and less profit is the main ingredient for raw material of Toyota. 1. Intense competition. In any type of business, competition always takes place. Same case is with Toyota. Volkswagen group and GM are always big rivals for Toyota. 2. Natural disasters.   In Japan, Thailand, China and Indonesia there is the facility of manufacturing by Toyota. All the countries are the subjects for all types of natural calamities which can disturb the Toyota’s amount of sell. 3. Appreciating yen exchange rate. Foreign countries are the big source of Toyota’s revenues. All the profit is converted in yen. And the profit of Toyota becomes less due to exchange rate of appreciating yen. Car Industry Analysis For creating a competitive environment in industry, company can put its advantages and chances. Usually, for the wide presence in international market, product line is really useful. By entering in the newly established markets like china and Europe, one can get it also. If we notice the previous history, Toyota took more attention on the markets such as Japan and America, but there is a need of making more plans. Sustainable development is achieved by Toyota cooperation. For the harmful effects of  global warming and fossil fuels, Toyota has a market named as Toyota’s hybrid. This technology can also be helpful for company to sell it to other firms. Toyota Company analysis In the exportation of cars, in the creation of automobiles, best quality and achieving its target, Toyota Company is one of the best companies of world the company give the best return of people’s money in the form of best quality car and make the client luxurious .they always try to give the best value of the money of their clients instead of their rival companies. So, this is one of the big reason for Toyota as a good company in DC, s. This company always tries to achieve sustainable growth and decreasing the pollution from this earth. Customer Analysis Customers of Toyota are rich, poor and diverse. They lived all around the world. Toyota always tries to keep in mind the demands and range of all type of clients belongs to upper as well as lower class. They have all types of automobiles like small sport car, big family automobiles, trucks and vans also. Toyota has the customers from different age groups, areas, incomes, social as well as cultural class. For the satisfaction of their wants, people go to Toyota. There are also vehicles for low income people according to their range as well as size. Independent and aloof people have also verity of cars accord to their need. Many organizations also want a vehicle for giving the facility of convene to their employees. So, this is the case in which the purchaser of the product is not the user of that product. There is enlargement in the exposure of a product when any person buys any product of company. Companies awake awareness among the people about the product through ads, newsletters, websites, and other sources of information. Books and seminars also provide the chance to Toyota for earn income. Where People Purchase There is a vast network of retailers throughout the world and Toyota sale its products with the help of it. There are some specific models of automobiles  which a customer can buy directly from the Toyota factories. Toyota also gives the facility to its customers by giving them opportunity of online shopping. Most of the advertising activities are also done online. Online shopping and ads keep the papers away from wasting and client can easily buy any automobile easily. There is also a toll-free number of Toyota for direct contact. So customers from all across the world can easily access to the all kind of production of company. When People Purchase Anyone can buy the company’s product in the whole year. Except some models, all the other cars are available on Toyota company whole year. Driving licence is compulsory for buying a car in many countries. Some people want to buy a new car as old one is not able to use or want to try a new model. Why do People Purchase? Due to unique and special nature of Toyota, customer prefers it on other companies. Cars meet all the needs of the clients offered by Toyota. Company want to maintain its standard. The company offer fewer amounts than others. Toyota also takes great care about the safety of driver. When green light turned on, there is a distinct call to driver to alert him .new hybrid product also have the facility of buying and changing the car. Why Potential Customers Don’t Purchase According to the census of Toyota there is large amount of potential people who don’t want to buy a car. Company is filled like the people like this. Nowadays there is a large amount of automobile industries. Some people reject the car for no significant reason. This is due to the reason of class, social status, like and dislike .there is no high requirements of Toyota. So the clients are free to buy car from rivals. Business environment Business environment is made by two words i.e. business and environment. In economic view, all the actions or activities done by the person for earning profit, buying of goods are known as business. Surrounding of us is known as environment. So, we come to know that the conditions of nature, which one cannot control like famines, floods, and economic, social and natural affects, are known as business environment. There are two parts of business environment which are internal and external environment. Internal environment This type of environment based upon the company’s basic elements. Important and vital requirements of internal structure are skilled staff, policies and relations with humans. We can have the example of Toyota. There is strong relationship, skilled staff; experienced specialists show the internal environment. External environment All the actions about trade are taken under the external environment. Technological, political and legal factors affect it. there are also two sub division of the external environment. They are macro and micro. Micro environment: the successfulness of any market depends upon tit communication and transportation with its clients. Top level of managing, departments of finance, research, and channel partners are the forces which have the ability to affect the company. Macro environment: -in 2000 company of Toyota felt the changes occurred by the macro environment. The company Toyota takes full benefits of producing the first hybrid vehicle named Toyota Prius. Five Forces Analysis In the operating industry, there are five Porter’s forces which are organized for forcing the company. The business will not be attractive if profit  becomes low. New entrant’s threats, rival’s threats and substitute products threats are the three such forces which affect our analysis. Toyota also started its business in US market. When Toyota Company started business in US it has 95% shares and produces only three types of cars. Japanese market was 100 times smaller than the market of US. There is strong and high position of US in market. Toyota, Honda and Nissan are three different types of automobiles of Japanese company. These companies took 4 decades for establishing themselves in the international market. Bargaining power of suppliers Weak buyers can make problems regarding the product. In US and Japan the company is doing hard work for establishment. And want to start business of automobile here. The supply of class material is supplied from a big network. In the term of company it explores the weakness of customers. Due to labor and raw material, the company is earning profit. Entry There are many hurdles like economic, financial, social and governmental. After World War 2, the laws about the ministry and trade were not in favor of Toyota. At that time there were no hurdles for US in exporting. The low business was an open advantage for Japanese companies. For efficient sale, new entry of shares is required. Buyers’ Bargaining Power The manufacturing companies in US have the ability of vertical integration as they were enjoying the power of it. The supply companies are companies of manufacturing. We take the example of molar. That is supplying parts of motors. But in Japan companies which supply parts of motors has a share in the administration. It is totally different from US. The dealers were fragment in both countries. Toyota purchase large amount from parts companies. By the right of information from internet, user bargain. Substitute products threats In U.S. and Japan, there is transportation system. The value of special amount is high due to its close substitute. Rivalry Competition between rivals in the production of car is very complex. Although the output of the market was very low but it was enlarging day by day. From the year of 1970, there is tough competition between rival companies there is rivalry on price as well as on other things. In price competition the price of product included and in non-price competition there is marginal as well as fixed cost are added. Competition call also is increased through differentiation opportunity. One basic thing of increasing rivalry between all the companies is the manufacturing of cars, truck, and SUV’s.

King Arthur Literary Analysis Essay

The name King Arthur appears throughout a countless amount of literature, stories, cinema, and legend. King Arthur has always been a long-standing icon of heroism, and heroism is a theme mankind takes pleasure in romanticizing. Arthurian Romance is the classic example of good versus evil, knights in shining armor, forbidden love, and sorcery; the basic elements of a romanticized tale. And in a dark time where religion clashed, empires fought in epic battles, and the people of Britain suffered from poverty and disease, Arthurian legend was needed to lift the spirits of the hopeless. Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal of the time period better known as the Medieval Ages because it takes the woes and misfortunate events of that time and twists them into a heroic soap opera full of love, tragedy, and triumph. The Medieval Ages began around 476 AD, when the Roman emperor of the West abdicated. The period ends in the late fifteenth century with the discovery of the New World. During this period, different nations conquered and collapsed, society changed, and religion was further divided. During the Middle Ages, the Holy Roman Empire had begun an effort to occupy Britain. They wanted to drive out the Anglo-Saxons and convert the Pagans to Catholicism. A long lasting relic of Roman involvement in Britain is Hadrian’s Wall, which was a heavily fortified wall running west to east and was probably used to keep barbarian tribes out and regulate trade and passage into Romano-Britain territory. Along with military involvement, Rome also spread Catholicism to a Pagan Britain. Catholicism involves a hierarchy of religious leaders, with the Pope at the top. There are also bishops, priests, monks, and nuns who are apart of the clergy. Other than the clergy, Medieval society was composed of nobles, knights and serfs. Nobles commonly owned fiefs, an estate of land, and the serfs who worked there. Knights were employed to guard the fief and fight wars with other nobles. This was called Feudalism. When nobles declared a war on each other, many different warfare tactics were used to take down castles. Siege warfare was common, in which scaling ladders, battering rams, siege towers and catapults were utilized in order to enter a fortress. Infantry included archers and cavalry, and there was a broad assortment of weapons used; daggers, long swords, crossbows, throwing axes, clubs, maces, halberds, lances, and many more. While knights commonly fought for a noble or king, a group of fearsome knights known as the Templar Knights fought in the crusades for religious conquest. The Templar Knights are associated with King Arthur’s quest for the Holy Grail, and some of the knights of the round table are portrayed wearing a large red cross on their breastplate (which is the symbol of the Templar Knights). Knights were also involved with jousting. Jousting was a martial game between two knights mounted on horses and using lances. This was often part of a chivalrous tournament or used as a military tactic of heavily armed cavalry. Knights and nobles also were encompassed in courtly love, a conception of nobly and chivalrously expressing love and admiration. Courtly love often did not take place between a husband and wife. Instead, a man would shower another woman in gifts and symbols of his love to her and they would keep their affair secret. A famous example of courtly love is the affair between Lancelot du Lac and Queen Guinevere. The Middle Ages had many lows. Many people associate these times with the Black Plague or the Bubonic Plague. When the Mongols from the east attacked Europe, they brought with them a terrible disease that wiped out about 138 million people. Also during the Middle Ages, there was decrease in scholarly thinking and the quality of art. Religion is blamed for stunting the growth of new ideas and inventions. In fact, religion is the overlying cause for many of the events of the Medieval Ages. The greatest dispute over religion was the East-West Schism that split Christianity into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This split was born from disputes over whether the Pope could marry and iconoclasm (similar to worshipping false idols) and the use of local languages in church. They were even in dispute regarding the nature of God. The Crusades were another religious dispute. The Crusades were military campaigns undertaken by European Christians of the eleventh through the fourteenth centuries to take other the Holy Land and convert Muslims to Christianity. The First Crusade was a response to the Seljuk Turks conquering the â€Å"Holy Land† (present-day Israel and Palestine). However, most of these conquests were failures and achieved nothing except for interactions with the Arab world (in both beneficial and devastating ways). Lastly, there was the Inquisition. This was a formalized interrogation and persecution process of heretics (including satanic or witch-like behavior). Punishment for people suspected of heresy was torture and execution. The Church in the Middle Ages is clearly an influential factor of these times. The Medieval Ages also saw quite a bit of political changes. The Carolingian, established by Charles Martel, ruled present-day France, Belgium, Germany and Northern Italy. His grandson, Charlemagne established the Holy Roman Empire. In the North, Vikings and other Scandinavian became notorious for raiding Roman Catholic monasteries. In France, Vikings were referred to as Normans. They conquered Anglo-Saxon England in 1066. As mentioned before, Feudalism was the social, political, and economic system of the Middle Ages. England became a feudalistic society because there was not a unifying force bringing the people together. Many claims to the throne of all Britain were made, which is actually the premise of the King Arthur legend. Nobles and Kings owned land and had armies of Knights who pledged a code of chivalry to them. This was an honor system that strongly condemned betrayal and promoted mutual respect. In the Feudal society, only males could inherit the land. The land was passed down through primogeniture (to the eldest son). Noblewomen had limited rights. They could sometimes inherit fiefs but could not rule it. Noblewomen were only educated in domestic skills and were supposed to display feminine traits such as compassion and beauty. Peasants, male or female, had almost no rights. They couldn’t leave the manor without the permission of their lord. Over time, serfs (peasants) developed skills other than farming and slowly created a middle class that led Europe into the Renaissance. In the long run, all of these characteristics of the Medieval Ages are incorporated in the vast collection of Arthurian Romance. In the 1975 King Arthur Parody â€Å"Monty Python and The Holy Grail†, there is a scene that describes Arthur quite perfectly. In the scene, Arthur is traveling in a Feudal manor and comes across peasants working in a field outside of a castle. He asks a woman, â€Å"I am Arthur, King of the Britons. Whose castle is that? † The peasant woman looks up and asks, â€Å"King of the who? † Arthur repeats himself to which she replies, â€Å"Who are the Britons? † Arthur, stumped by her ignorance, tells her, â€Å"Well, we all are. We’re all Britons and I am your king. † The peasant woman shrugs and says, â€Å"I didn’t know we had a king. I thought we were an autonomous collective! † They argue about this for a moment and then the woman asked, â€Å"Well, how did you become king then? † Arthur dramatically respond with, â€Å"The Lady of the Lake, her arm clad in the purest shimmering samite, held aloft Excalibur from the bosom of the water signifying by Divine Providence that I, Arthur, was to carry Excalibur. That is why I am your king! † Another peasant nearby shouts, â€Å"Listen — strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of government. Supreme executive power derives from a mandate from the masses, not from some farcical aquatic ceremony! † The meaning of the scene is that at the time King Arthur was created as a legend to legitimize the unifying king of Britain that would pull the people out of the Dark Ages. The punch line is that the land was so divided from feudalism and nobles trying to claim a non-existent throne that no one really took anyone seriously. However, Arthurian Romance became the bedtime story born out of the fantastical notion that Britain could be amalgamated into a strong empire. But let’s start at the beginning of the Arthurian legend. In most legends, Uther Pendragon is portrayed as Arthur’s father and Igraine as his mother. In Sir Thomas Malory’s The Crowning of King Arthur, the prophet Merlin helps a love-stricken Uther get with Igraine for a night. Arthur is born, but part of the agreement with Merlin was to have Arthur raised by another. Many years pass in which Arthur does not know his own nobility until he by chance, pulls the famous sword in the stone (the legend goes: â€Å"Who so Pulleth Out This Sword of this Stone and Anvil, is Rightwise King Born of all England. † (Malory, 1069)). Young Arthur accepts his role as King and unites Britain, defeats the Saxons, and establishes Camelot. In the first fictional story of Arthur’s life (Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the kings of Britain) by Geoffrey of Monmouth), Arthur is placed into a post-Roman Britain. Geoffrey uses the same fable of Arthur’s birth through the deception of Igraine. In this legend, Arthur also defeats the Saxons but he also expands his empire to Norway, Denmark and Gaul, and defeats Roman armies in order to do this. In the end, Arthur returns to Britain to defeat his nephew Modredus (Mordred) who was left in charge of Britain but betrayed Arthur. Arthur is mortally wounded, taken to Avalon and it is implied he passed away. Arthurian legend, however, is not only about Arthur. There are many huge characters in the stories. One widely known knight is Sir Lancelot du Lac. Lancelot is a tragic figure in Arthurian Romance. He was a Knight of the Round Table and one of King Arthur’s closest friends. His tragedy is that he was in love with Arthur’s wife, Guinevere. Lancelot was the son of the King Ban on Benwick and Elaine, but he was raised by the Lady of the Lake (â€Å"du lac† actually means â€Å"the lake†). The Lady of the Lake sent Lancelot off to become a Knight of the Round Table. In doing so, he meets and instantly falls in love with Guinevere. Their affair ultimately proves to be destructive. Lancelot is actually tricked by Elaine of Corbenic and sleeps with her, thinking it is Guinevere. When Guinevere hears of this, she is repulsed and banishes Lancelot. Later, Lancelot returns to assist Arthur in the quest for the Holy Grail. Other characters in Arthurian legend are Merlin and Morgaine. Merlin is sometimes a prophet, sometimes a magician, and always an advisor to King Arthur. Merlin’s earliest character depiction was as a bard driven mad by the terrors of war, who become a â€Å"man of the woods†. However, Geoffrey of Monmouth based his Merlin on Myrddin Wyllt (a prophet and a madman) and Aurelius Ambrosius (a fictional version of the historical war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus. Morgaine (also Morgan le Fay) is a sorceress in Arthurian legend. She is the half-sister of Arthur and the daughter of Igraine. In both The Mists of Avalon (Marion Zimmer Bradley) and The Vulgate Cycle (13th century French prose) tell of how Morgaine lives in Avalon (mystical island in Arthurian legend) and trains under Merlin and the Lady of the Lake. Again in the Mists of Avalon, Morgaine is credited with having an unknown affair with Arthur. She gives birth to Mordred, who, in the end, turns out to be the enemy and murderer of King Arthur. In Arthurian Romance, King Arthur’s court is called Camelot. Camelot is where the Knights of the Round Table dwell and it is described as being a utopian land of beauty and peace. Throughout literature, Camelot has been located in many different areas of Britain, giving it no grounded location. An easy way to understand the basic ideology of Camelot, one can compare the presidency of John F.  Kennedy to the term Camelot. His presidency was regarded as a guarantee for a successful future, just like King Arthur gave Britain hope and unification. Kennedy’s assassination is like the fall of Arthur in that both had short lasting but wonderful terms in power that set the bar high for the future. Ultimately, these characters and concepts stem from Medieval life and paint a portrait of what the goals of Middle Age rulers wanted for society at the time. All Arthurian Romance contains the same specific elements: enchantment, quest, conquest, heroic behavior, utopian society, fatal passion and love. These elements, applied with Medieval life and history, equals a solid Arthurian story. The best example of all of these elements is The Crowning of Arthur from Le Morte d’Arthur (Malory, 1065). In the story, Arthur is conceived through the enchantment Merlin uses on Igraine to trick her into thinking Uther Pendragon is her husband, the Duke. Uther, who is fatally in love with Igraine, makes a deal with Merlin in that he will give the child he and Igraine produce to the wizard. Baby Arthur is taken away and grows up with Sir Ector, whom he grows to love as a father. The next part of the story is about the sword in the stone. In the story, â€Å"many of the nobles tried to pull the sword out the stone† (1069), but failed. When Arthur is sent to find Sir Kay (Ector’s son) a sword, he unknowing grabs the legendary sword from the stone and tugs it free without any effort. When Arthur comes back with the famous sword, everyone is in awe and asks him to demonstrate for them that he really pulled it. To their surprise, it is true. They ask Arthur to assume the role of king and he agrees, establishing the utopian court of Camelot. Le Morte d’Arthur is â€Å"the carefully constructed myth of the rise and fall of a powerful kingdom — a legendary kingdom, but perhaps also, obliquely, the real English kingdom which in Malory’s day seemed as surely doomed by its own corruption as the ancient realm of King Arthur† (Cliffs Notes). What this means is that Arthur’s court reflects the realistic courts of actual kings because it eventually falls. The Crowning of Arthur seems naive in that a boy who just so happens to pull a sword from a stone makes him king. In the end, his kingdom falls. Crowning only sets it up. The outcome of the Arthurian Legend is quite similar to the reality of kingdoms in England of the Middle Ages, which proves Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal. Another story from Le Morte d’Arthur is called Sir Launcelot du Lake. It is a hectic story about Lancelot’s adventure, kidnapping, and battles with enemy knights. In the story, Lancelot decides he is fed up with his ennui and decides to go out with his nephew, Sir Lyonel. Possibly due to enchantment, Lancelot declares, â€Å"not for seven years have I felt so sleepy† (1074) and he lies down for a nap. When he awakes, he realizes three women have kidnapped him. They tell him he has to pick one of them or face his doom. Lancelot picks his death because his is loyal to his lover, Guinevere. Later, the daughter of King Badgemagus rescues him and in return he gives his services to the king. At the end of the story, Lancelot fights off Kind Badgemagus’ enemies. He displays incredible and fictitious strength when he â€Å"took another spear and unhorsed sixteen more men†¦ King of North Galys’ knight and, with his next, unhorsed another twelve† (1078). This story demonstrates chivalry and heroism, and exaggerates Lancelot’s abilities to fight. Literary critic Charles Moorman says â€Å"much of the Morte d’Arthur is thus concerned with revealing the corrupt reality beneath the fair chivalric surface. † However, Sir Launcelot du Lake contradicts that assumption by merely telling a simple story of a great knight who is loyal to his higher-up and to his lady. The story makes the knights of the Medieval Ages appear to bask in honor, goodness and strength. And in a way, they did in real life. Knights did have a strict code of chivalry as well as total loyalty to their nobles and their lovers. Again, this story gives merit to the fact Arthurian legend portrays Medieval society. The poem The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Lord Tennyson is loose depiction of Arthurian Legend. In the poem, a woman is cursed to live in a tower and watch the world of Camelot from a mirror. â€Å"And moving through a mirror clear; That hangs before her all the year; Shadows of a world appear; There she sees the highway near; Winding down to Camelot† (verses 46 through 50). Then one day she sees Sir Lancelot riding in all his beauty and loveliness, and she decides she wants to leave the tower. The Lady of Shalott â€Å"left the web† (109) and gets into a boat. Unfortunately, she dies and floats on down to Camelot. Muriel Mellown says â€Å"she has chosen contact with Camelot, even at the price of her own destruction. † This quote illustrates that Camelot seemed like such a perfect utopian world that everyone sought its perfection and illustriousness. However, the Lady of Shalott kicks the bucket, similar to the way Camelot eventually falls. All good things never last. Lastly, a more modern and feminist take of Arthurian legend is The Mists of Avalon by Marion Zimmer Bradley. In Mists, the story of Arthur is told through the worlds of Morgaine, Arthur’s half-sister. In the excerpt read in class, Morgaine and Arthur are children neglected by their parents. Morgaine realizes her role to be Arthur’s protector, even though she feels disdain towards the child at first. When she says, â€Å"Mother’s gone, she’s with the king, but I’ll take care of you, brother,† (1085), Morgaine displays a bond of love towards her little brother. Morgaine is also depicted as a strong feminine character in both this scene and the entire story. Although â€Å"this book†¦ wasn’t so much a retelling of the Arthurian legend but only a bunch of Arthurian characters sitting around arguing about Christianity and Paganism,† (LaShawn), â€Å"Morgaine’s depiction as a powerful, savvy woman shows her to be the type of woman the feminists would champion as a prime example of what women should aspire to be, in spite of the biases still in place against them† (Ellis). Mists shines a new light and a new perspective on the events of the Medieval Ages, specifically the disputes of religion. It also represents how women did have influence over what happened in the kingdoms. In real life, noblewomen did have influence over the decisions their husbands made, though not legally. The Mists of Avalon yet again portrays a factor of the Medieval Ages. When push comes to shove, Arthurian Romance generally is regarded as a tall tale of a lost era. However, the tales depict a clear portrait of Medieval Life. Tragedy, honor, fatal passion and quest all dwell in the Middle Ages and Arthurian Romance. The characters of Arthurian Romance experience the tragedy of life like real life people and Camelot ends up failing, just like many of the empires and kingdoms of the world. The stories represent the dark times of the Medieval Ages and show that nothing is perfect. Therefore, Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal of the Medieval Ages.