Edgar Allan Poe: The Black Cat Translation

Edgar Allan Poe: The Black Cat Translation Interpretation is laborious and arduous work that requests interpretation capability from interpreters, yet additionally wide based information in numerous if not in every single proficient circle. Any composed content is a potential interpretation task. It may be a law or a public statement, a letter or a chronicled report, a play or a novel. Careful comprehension of a subject empowers an interpreter to deliver a brilliant interpretation. For all intents and purposes, it is inconceivable for an interpreter to be a specialist in each subject and in each expert field. In any case, there are solid assets that assist interpreters with expanding their insight in a specific subject. So as to convey a quality interpretation, lawful interpreters read records that manage the law and lawful framework; clinical interpreters utilize logical diaries and clinical reference books; and abstract interpreters have a chance to depend on scholarly analysis. There are three essential reasons why perusin g scholarly analysis is profitable while interpreting writing. To start with, perusing basic articles enables abstract interpreters to recognize the certain writers thoughts and the mind-set of the story The Black Cat. Second, numerous writers of basic articles research and talk about importance of the picked expressive gadgets that might be valuable while making an interpretation of the story into target language. Third, perusing analysis helps the interpreters better comprehend the jargon of the story and pick identical vocabulary in the objective content. So as to give unique theme of The Black Cat in Russian, an interpreter ought to characterize the Poes genuine plot. Be that as it may, without understanding analysis, deciding the reason for the story may be trying since numerous pieces of information of the story are understood. As Ed Piacentino unfurls in his work Poes The Black Cat as Psychobiography: Some Reflections on the Narratological Dynamics, the conceivable motivation behind the story is to show the perusers that not liquor is the explanation of the vile wrongdoing, yet the storytellers mental issues, his own youth trauma(165). It might be hard to decide this conceivably potential creators thought, however. From the start sight, it might appear to the perusers that the creators goal is to underline the negative effect of liquor on human conduct. Be that as it may, Piacentino pinpoints that a great part of the storytellers savagery happens when he is calm (163). Numerous pundits additionally think about liquor as a backhand ed purpose behind the violations. The storyteller reprimands liquor for the carried out wrongdoings, however he essentially hides the mental reason for the violations, or he even may not fathom it for himself, as Piacentino makes reference to. He proposes the perusers recreating storytellers psychobiography to research the conceivable genuine thought processes of the appalling killings. The creator says that the genuine motivation behind the brutal wrongdoing may comprise in mental injury which the storyteller brought about being a kid. He varied from his friends in the eccentricity that he was extremely kind, benevolent, and delicate. His companions ridiculed his affectability and mortified him in view of his delicacy of heart since in the nineteenth century those trademark were thought of as ladylike and disgraceful attributes for guys. Along these lines, the storyteller as a kid had no companions and invested a large portion of his energy with his pets, as he was enamored with th em. At the point when he grew up and got hitched nothing changed. The storyteller enlightens a great deal regarding his pets, however basically nothing about his significant other and their relationship. In all probability, they didn't adore one another; and he got hitched with her since she shared his enthusiasm for esteeming pets. He had all the earmarks of being friendless all through his whole life. Notwithstanding his mental issues, liquor debased his character as well. He got a contempt for ones he adored previously. They started irritating and appalling him. In the wake of slaughtering his preferred feline, the storyteller was still, small voice stricken; in this manner, he protected another feline that took after Pluto a great deal. In spite of the way that the new feline showed obvious affection for the storyteller; yet it disturbed the proprietor. Piacentino attests that the storyteller may have despised the feline since his better half appeared to be focusing on the felin e and he storyteller may have felt desirous and dismissed by her. Furthermore, it appeared to him, she purposely underlined the felines white imprint on its bosom which imaged the GALLOWS to insult him. He began loathing this feline and all humanity. From Piacentinos see Poe deliberately utilized this word to stress that it incorporated his significant other (164). The subject of intention is one of the most disturbing and confusing parts of the story says another artistic pundit, Joseph Stark (258). He composes that there are such huge numbers of various pieces of information, that they offer ascent to the assortment of clarifications of the Poes story. Some youth analysis drove the storyteller precipitously to place a hatchet in his wifes head and afterward calls this demonstration an anticipated common response, Stark raises the issue of determinism of human instinct and the issue of human shakiness. As Stark clarifies in Motive and Meaning: The Mystery of the Will in Poes The Black Cat,' the conceivable motivation behind the Poes story is to demonstrate the confinements of both the human will just as human records of the will (263). Therefore basic articles are in fact valuable interpreters implies for deciding head and critical subtleties of the story so as to more readily comprehend the plot of Poes story and give a satisfactory Russian i nterpretation. Various scholarly pundits who study Poe contend that The Black Cat is made in the gothic state of mind. Leslie Ginsberg says that one part of the class is that it incorporates components of loathsomeness (100). In Slavery and the Gothic Horror of Poes The Black Cat' Ginsberg expresses that the story follows the gothic abstract customs since it investigates the storytellers offensive feelings of dread in a very perplexing way. Ginsberg says that the gothic state of mind enables the perusers to understand that the storyteller is a merciless individual with instable character. The creator additionally makes reference to that The Black Cat contains many concealed components to help the gothic state of mind; for instance, in Greek folklore, Pluto, the felines name, is the divine force of the black market. This reality proposes that the feline is a terrible sign for the storyteller. Furthermore, Poe intentionally utilizes the dark shading for the felines since it is a typical notion that a dark feline is a terrible sign as well. Besides, by utilizing witches in mask the creator potentially suggests that the subsequent feline is resurrected Pluto. While perusing The Black Cat, in Russian, clearly the interpreter knew about the creators suggestion since he deciphered witches in mask as à Ã¢ ¾Ã£ Ã¢ ±Ã£ Ã¢ ¾Ã£'â‚ ¬Ã£ Ã¢ ¾Ã£'‚㠐⠽㠐â ¸, which implies werewolves. A werewolf is a double natured animal with the capacity to shape-move. Perusing Ginsbergs analysis helps the interpreters decipher subtle components of the gothic mind-set that are significant for interpretation of The Black Cat. It is fundamental for interpreters to peruse these articles since it causes them distinguish and better comprehend the gothic mind-set applied in the story. The interpretation ought to keep up the writers arranged gothic mind-set so as to get a similar impact on the objective perusers. Poes expression likewise assists with making the storys feeling of ghastliness. Directly toward the start, the story has large amounts of emotive and solid words, for example, frightened, tormented, obliterated, and horrendous, to incite a feeling of dread in the perusers. The dictionary utilized all through the story causes the perusers to understand that the storyteller is a debased and risky individual, dependent on liquor, as Michael Williams clarifies in A Word of Words: Language and Displacement in the Fiction of Edgar Allan Poe. He expresses that Poe utilizes emotive phrasing to accentuate storytellers PERVERSENESS. Basic articles empower interpreters to examine and better understand the dictionary that Poe uses to make the storys startling state of mind. A word may have numerous equivalent words, and an interpreters point is to translate what precisely the creator suggests in a specific case and flexibly a proportionate word so as to keep up the creators thought. Williams lik ewise makes reference to some elaborate gadgets that the creator of The Black Cat applies to the story to connote the apprehension and fervor that reach out all through the story. For example, he utilizes similar sounding word usage beastly, fiber, and edge, to stress the power of the killers restless condition (94). As per Williams this gadget heightens the terrible essence of the merciless violations. Similar sounding word usage is one of the most testing assignments for an interpreter, since it isn't in every case simple to coordinate and pass on similar sounds, anyway analysis may be useful for this situation. The jargon and expressive gadgets utilized by the creator operating at a profit Cat certainly bolster the mind-set and explicit style of the story. Therefore, it is critical when meaning comprehend the significance of Poes dictionary so as to pick an example ready to pass on a similar thought. To close, I would state that perusing basic articles is a valuable implies that empowers interpreters to break down and better appreciate the shrouded pieces of information and certain motivations behind the writer so as to transmit Poes unique thought of the plot and accomplish a similar effect on the Russian perusers that the first content does on the English ones.

The Light Of Sight :: essays research papers

In this universe there are numerous thing that we can't clarify. Among these numerous things is light. Light, apparently, come in various frequencies and the size of the frequency figure out what sort of light it is. The center frequency lights are what gives us the seven fundamental shades of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Alongside these obvious lights there are the lights that can't be seen by the natural eye. These imperceptible lights can be assembled into two different gatherings the long waves and short waves. The main gathering of waves is the more drawn out frequency of light including infrared and radio waves. Radio waves, the longest frequencies, interchange and can be unstable. Arthur C. Clarke said in the paper "The Light of Common Day" that since radio waves change so much no creature has ever had the option to detect them. He proceeds to state that on the off chance that you had an eye sufficiently large to see radio waves your eyes would be a huge number of times bigger than an ordinary eye. The following longest wave is the infrared light waves. Infrared light is utilized these days to find in the night. Uncommon goggles are intended to get infrared light creation it conceivable to see around evening time. The following gathering of light waves are the shorter influxes of bright and x-beams. Bright light, once in a while alluded to as UV, is directly close to violet and is simply past sight. UV light is the thing that causes burns from the sun and can be excruciating. In Arthur C. Clarks paper it expresses that despite the fact that UV light isn't obvious the retina of the natural eye responds capably to it. He contrast the natural eye with a camera and says that a decent camera need may kinds of focal points made out of various sorts of glass to take a decent picture. The natural eye has just a single focal point and can't conceivable see UV light. The last kind of light is the x-beam. The x-beam is the littlest wave and is utilized in the clinical field significantly to take pictures through substance of bones. Despite the fact that x-beams are exceptionally valuable they can be risky. They have been know to disturb radio waves and can harm a human body to the point of death.

How to Help Your Child Start the College Search

How to Help Your Child Start the College Search Your child is a freshman in high school, and you’re already thinking about college. “Too soon?” you ask. Absolutely not, and here’s why: Not only is college is a major investment, but the search process is complicated. There are literally hundreds of schools to choose from, each with different strengths and weaknesses when it comes to your child’s needs. Your family requires time to make an informed decision. But where do you start, and what’s your role as a parent in all this? We’re here to help. Where to Start 1. Talk about expectations and preferences. Having a family conversation can help answer many questions up front so everyone is of a similar mindset moving forward. For example: What’s your child looking to get out of the college experience?What are you hoping for them?Does your child already have any colleges in mind?What about majors?Who will be paying for what?Does your family have any cost restrictions?How and when will each of you participate in the search process? (Want more advice on how to talk to your child about college? We have a blog on that, too.) 2. Research. Once you’ve had an initial discussion, start doing some research. Take a look at any schools your child has expressed an interest in and search for ones that have their intended major or match the experience they’re seeking (big/small, public/private, in-state/out-of-state, etc.). You can do much of this research online through college search sites likeCollege Board orCappex. These sites make it easier to compare and contrast U.S. colleges based on your child’s preferences. If you have specific colleges in mind, we also suggest visiting their admissions websites. This is where your child can sign up to receive more information via mail and email. A quick reminder: If you do any of this research on your own, make sure to send it along to the rest of your family so they can check it out, too. 3. Start visiting colleges. Although descriptions and photos can help, the best way for you and your family to learn more about a college is by visiting. Visiting can also help your child better recognize what exactly they’re looking for in a college, and it’snever too early to start! Colleges offer a variety of visit opportunities throughout the year, including on weekends. Work with your child to determine any colleges you can or should visit, and then sign up for days that work for the whole family. 4. Encourage your child to explore their interests. Your child probably doesn’t know what they want to major in yet, and even if they do, it’s quite possible they’ll change their mind later on. That’s okay. High school is the perfect time toself-reflect and explore. Your job? Encourage them to do so! Your child can learn more about themselves and the kinds of things they like to do (or don’t like to do) by getting involved in clubs, working part-time, job shadowing, and more. Plus, colleges like it when students have had experiences related to the field to which they’re applying. 5. Help your child stay on track academically. Students are required to take certain subjects in high school in order to qualify for admission at certain colleges (including Illinois). Sometimes these requirements vary depending on the major or the college. Make sure your child is aware of these course requirements now so they can work with their counselor to craft an appropriate class schedule each semester. Gradesâ€"including freshman yearâ€"count, too! Your Role Some parents are heavily involved in their child’s college search process. Others are more hands off. The way you choose to approach things is up to youâ€"you know your child best and what they need from you. Take your cue from them. However involved you choose to be, empower your child to take charge of their future by encouraging them to schedule their own high school counseling meetings, sign up for their own college mailing lists, and more. This is great practice for the kinds of responsibilities they’ll take on once at college and beyond. Finally, be their sounding board, their cheerleader, and their advocate. Let them know theyve got this and know youve got this, too! college college prep resources parents planning Illinois Admissions We're here for you as you prepare for college. Whether you're looking for guidance on the college search process or have questions about Illinois, we hope our blogs will help!

The Debilitating Disease Affects 20-45 Year Olds Around...

The debilitating disease affecting 20-45 year olds around the world: Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This unpredictable disease makes it somewhat challenging for doctors to diagnose it, as it can mock other diseases. Symptoms are variable and come in different degrees of severity. No two people have the exact same symptoms. There are four main categories of MS, with different treatment options. If controlled, MS will only have a few limitations and is, for the most part, ease to adapt to. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord, particularly the central nervous system (CNS). In MS the immune system attacks the myelin, which is the protective sheath that covers the nerve fibers and causes communication between your brain and the rest of your body. Eventually, the disease can cause the nerves to deteriorate or even lead to permanent damage. They deteriorate in variable degrees and produce significant disability within 20-25 years in more than 30% of patients, (Luzzio, 2016). The majority of people diagnosed with MS are adults between the ages of 20 and 45; twice as many women are affected compared to men. However, MS can present itself in childhood or late middle age, but is uncommon. According to Goldenberg (2012), there is no known cause for this debilitating disease, but it appears to involve a combination of genetic susceptibility and a nongenetic trigger, such as a virus, metabolism, or environmental factors No two people haveShow MoreRelatedHemp Cultivation in China42289 Words   |  170 Pagescultivated for its strong bast fiber throughout many of the numerous fertile inland valleys of Shandong Province, Peoples Republic of China. Hemp cultivation in China dates back more than 5,000 years and according to local legend, the peasant farmers of Shandong Province have grown hemp for more than a thousand years. Hemp is produced almost entirely by ancient traditional methods and local hemp farming practices have been influenced very little by modern Western techniques. However, a modern hemp degumming

To Helen Edgar Allan Poe Analysis - 771 Words

To Helen written by Edgar Allan Poe is a poem about Edgar’s love to a woman in this poem named Helen. This poem goes on about his love for the woman, how he compares her to different thigs he finds beautiful. A lot of his references to beauty comes from Greek words, or Greek mythology. At the beginning of the poem, Edgar opens with the first word (name) being, Helen. There was a woman in Greek mythology named Helen. Helen was the daughter of Zeus and Leda, and according to Greek mythology, she was the most beautiful woman in the world. This is but of one of the many references to Greek mythology. Edgar continues by comparing her beauty to a ship, and to more detail, the wood on the ship. The ship was the Nicà ©an barks of yore, Nicà ©an being†¦show more content†¦Face also means the surface, seen from a certain angle. Edgar is talking about everything he is looking at, this means he is not only looking at her face, or body, but her personality as well. Line eight talks about naiads. A naiad is a Greek mythology female spirit, these spirits are located near fountains, wells, springs, streams, brooks and other bodies of fresh water. Again, Greek mythology. Here, Edgar Allan Poe is being taken to Greece and Rome by the Naiads, like the man being taken by his Nicà ©an bark. He calls Rome and Greece, his home, and with all the affiliations between the name Helen and Greece, it seems that these Naiads are taking him to her. That is what he means by home. Edgar decides to give us some adjectives for Greece and Rome. He talks of the impressiveness of Rome, and Greece. If the sailor from before and Edgar are on the same page here, the sailor is also on his way to Greece, or Rome. The eleventh line opens with the exclamation, â€Å"lo.† this word is used to draw attention to a significant event, or detail. In this case, attention is directed to a window-niche. 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If i were the principal Free Essays

If you were the Principal of your school†¦ The Principal of your home school has taken a leave of absence and you have been appointed to fill In during his absence. What are the three main changes you would make to your school to make learning easier for you and the students? I would make some classes shorter. I would have lots ot fun. We will write a custom essay sample on If i were the principal or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will let some things go If the kids are getting their work done. DA The first thing I would do Is make my classes smaller. At my home school It Is about twenty-five kids to a class. I would make it about ten kids so it can be easier and less hassle. I would assign about two teachers to a class to help out more. one teacher can teach the whole class and the other can get some individual teaching done. The last thing I would do is make games out of the class work at the end of every week and have prizes or extra credit for the winners. This would encourage the kids to want to learn. MB I would assign games that would help us learn. I would also make sure that the work would have some type of fun with It. I would also assign extra teachers so they would understand better. CM I would allow all the students to have a pair of headphones because I think you will probably get more work and stuff done if you have something taking the distractions away. would allow the students to work together except for on exams and tests because that would not only make learning easier but demonstrate team work too, The last thing I would do is permit all the teachers in the school to hand out NO homework because when the kids leave from school that’s the ast thing they want to be worrying about. I dont think homework does anything anyway except make things harder on kids, especially teens. J3 It I were principal ot my school. I would have more hands-on activities, more study hall, and more educational movies. DM Three things would do to make things easier to learn are: students allowed to help each other; students allowed to stay after school in library to do homework/any work; make sure students are doing work at their level. RC I would allow all the students to ave a pair of headphones because think you will probably get more work and stuff done if you have something taking the distractions away. I would allow the students to work together except for on exams and tests because that would not only make learning easier but demonstrate team work too. The last thing I would do is permit all the teachers In the school to hand out NO homework because when the kids leave from school that’s the last thing they want to be worrying about. I don’t think omework does anything anyway except make things harder on kids. especially teens. JB Three things I would do to make things easier to learn are: students allowed to help have a pair of headphones because I think you will probably get more work and stuff the teachers in the school to hand out NO homework because when the kids leave homework does anything anyway except make things harder on kids, especially If I were principal of my school, I would have more hands-on activities, more study make sure students are doing work at their level. RC How to cite If i were the principal, Papers

Vippermans, Loudermilks and Reinhardts Oh My! Essays -

When I learned that the Goldwaters of Arizona had seen fit to resurrect the family department store name and logo by opening a mail-order gourmet food company, my cousins and I decided to return life to our family names as well. I am in the process of donating the Vipperman building to Alabama Central University for the expansion of their business school. My cousins, the heirs of the Loudermilk & Reinhardt Company are doing the same thing. I just got off the phone with Clarice and asked her if she had received a letter from Dr. Bahnson. She informed me that both she and Eva L. had gotten the same letter. Clarice and Eva Loudermilk were the granddaughters of Uncle Rudolf. It is they who now own the L I didn't ask her if he requested that they provide lectures. Unless he wanted to hear about loser husbands, multiple failed marriages and profanities that would make a sailor blush, he needn't bother. The nine-story Vipperman building and the seven story L&R building will provide the university with much needed room for growth and inject new life into downtown Brockman. In a quid pro quo, I had three stipulations; my Loudermilk cousins had two. (I got more because my building was taller.) 1. I will continue to maintain the apartment in which I grew up on the ninth floor. 2.A retail management and fashion merchandising curriculum including the rise and fall of the ?Main Street? American department store will be developed. The school will, recreate on the building's first floor, a museum of sorts with a permanent exhibit of 20th century department store historical memorabilia. As closely as possible, it will replicate the way the main floor of Vipperman's looked during its heyday of the 1940s. On the mezzanine will be a ?Century of Fashion? display; something on the order of the First Ladies' gowns at the Smithsonian in Washington, DC. I will donate my wardrobe from the past sixty plus years and a curator would be hired to manage, oversee and change the displays on a regular basis. I want future generations to realize that real clothes existed before they were made extinct by blue jeans, t-shirts and flip-flops. 3.The Loudermilk girls required that the "StarLite Roof" restaurant be restored and re-opened on the top floor of their building It is to be staffed and operated by the university; providing part-time jobs for students. 4.We all required that the outside of both buildings be restored to their respective 1946 and 1954 facades. The last construction on Vipperman's was in 1946, following World War II. When this building was originally constructed in the 1920s, it was ornate with scroll-work and carvings as well as lots of mosaic tile. In the tile there many repetitious shapes, patterns and symbols used to give color and uniqueness to the building, including a repetitive swastika in the mosaic tile pattern. This was prior to Hitler's forever demonizing that ancient symbol. I am told that the word "swastika" comes from the Sanskrit svastikasu? meaning "good," "asti" meaning "to be," and "ka" as a suffix. For over 3,000 years the symbol was used by diverse cultures meaning life, power good luck and strength. In World War I, American service divisions as well as the Finnish Air Force used the symbol. In those days, it was not uncommon to see the swastika on cigarette cases, coins, postcards and, of course, buildings. The New Mexico State University yearbook was called the ?Swastika?. There are many United States buildings built through the 1930s that have swastikas in their architecture which are now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. As a matter of fact, one of the first suburbs of Brockman was called ?Swastika? as was a community in Canada near Toronto. During World War II, the government of Ontario attempted to change the name; however, having been founded in 1906, the residents mounted a campaign and took the stand, ?To hell with Hit ler, We came up with our name first!? Something as simple as ?tile work? on an American building took on a sinister meaning to the Germanic immigrants of Brockman, Alabama when the news of the Nazi

How to Prevent a Shark Attack

How to Prevent a Shark Attack Even though youre more likely to die from a lightning strike, alligator attack or on a bicycle than from a shark attack, sharks do sometimes bite humans. In this article, you can learn about the actual risk of a shark attack, and how to avoid one.​ The International Shark Attack File The International Shark Attack  File  was developed in the late 1950s to compile information on shark attacks. Sharks attacks may be provoked or unprovoked. According to the International Shark Attack File, provoked attacks are those that happen when a person initiates contact with a shark (e.g., bites occurring to a fisherman removing a shark from a hook, a bite to a diver that has touched a shark). Unprovoked attacks are those that occur in the sharks natural habitat when a human has not initiated contact. Some of these may be if the shark mistakes a human for prey. Over the years, records of unprovoked attacks have increased - in 2015, there were 98 unprovoked shark attacks (6 fatal), which is the highest on record. This doesnt mean sharks are attacking more often. It  is more a function of increased human population and activity in the water (visiting the beach, increase in participation in scuba, paddle boarding, surfing activities, etc.), and the ease of reporting shark bites. Given the large increase in human population and ocean use over the years, the rate of shark attacks is decreasing. The top 3 attacking shark species were the white, tiger and bull sharks. Where Do Shark Attacks Occur? Just because youre swimming in the ocean doesnt mean you may be attacked by a shark. In many areas, large sharks dont come close to shore. The regions with the highest percentage of shark attacks were Florida, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Hawaii, and California. These are also regions where lots of people visit the beaches and participate in water activities. According to  The Shark Handbook, most shark bites occur to swimmers, followed by surfers and divers, but the majority of these bites are minor flesh wounds or abrasions. Ways to Prevent Shark Attacks There are many ways (most of them common-sense) that you can avoid a shark attack. Below is a list of what not to do if youll be swimming in waters where sharks might be present, and techniques for getting away alive if a shark attack really does happen. How to Avoid a Shark Attack: Dont swim alone.Dont swim during dark or twilight hours.Dont swim with shiny jewelry.Dont swim if you have an open wound.Dont swim too far offshore.Ladies: dont swim if youre menstruating.Dont splash excessively or make erratic movements.Keep pets out of the water.Dont swim in areas where there are sewage (for other obvious reasons!) or pinnipeds that are hauled-out. Both areas can attract sharks.Dont swim in areas being used by fishermen, as their bait could attract sharks.Dont push your luck - never harass a shark. Get out of the water if one is spotted and never attempt to grab or touch it. What to Do If Youre Attacked: Lets hope youve followed safety advice and successfully avoided an attack. But what do you do if you suspect a sharks in the area or you are being attacked? If you feel something brush against you, get out of the water. According to an article from National Geographic, many shark bite victims dont feel any pain. And sharks may strike more than once.If you are attacked, the number one rule  is do whatever it takes to get away. Possibilities include yelling underwater, blowing bubbles, and punching the sharks nose, eye or gills and then leaving the area before the shark strikes again. Protecting Sharks Although shark attacks are a horrific topic, in reality, many more sharks are killed by humans each year. Healthy shark populations are crucial to maintaining balance in the ocean, and sharks need our protection. References and Additional Information: Burgess, George H. 2011. ISAF Statistics on Attacking Species of Shark. (Online). FL Museum of Natural History. Accessed January 30, 2012.Burgess, George H. 2009. ISAF 2008 Worldwide Shark Attack Summary (Online). FL Museum of Natural History. Accessed February 5, 2010.Burgess, George H. 1998. Just for Kids: How to Avoid a Shark Attack Reprinted with permission from The Kids How to Do (Almost) Everything Guide, Monday Morning Books, Palo Alto, California. Accessed February 5, 2010.ISAF. 2009. International Shark Attack File. (Online). FL Museum of Natural History. Accessed February 5, 2010.Skomal, G. 2008. The Shark Handbook. Cider Mill Press Book Publishers: Kennebunkport, ME. 278pp.

Tips on How to Write an Argumentative Essay

Tips on How to Write an Argumentative Essay To be effective, an argumentative essay must contain elements to help persuade the audience to see things from your perspective. These components include a compelling topic, a balanced assessment, strong evidence, and persuasive language. Find a Good Topic and Point of View To find a good topic for an argumentative essay, consider several issues and choose a few that spark at least two solid, conflicting points of view. As you look over a list of topics, find one that really piques your interest, as youll be more successful if youre passionate about your topic. Once you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, make a list of points for both sides of the argument. When shaping an argument youll have to explain why your belief is reasonable and logical, so list points you can use as evidence for or against an issue. Ultimately, determine your side of the argument and make sure you can back up your point of view with reasoning and evidence. Work against the opposing point of view and prove why your stance is correct. Gather Evidence One of your essays first objectives will be to assess both sides of your issue. Consider strong arguments for both your side, as well as the other side- in order to shoot their statements down. Provide evidence without drama; sticking to the facts and clear examples that support your stance. You may look for research that provides statistics on your topic that support your reasoning, as well as examples of how your topic impacts people, animals, or even the Earth. Interviewing experts on your topic can also help you structure a compelling argument. Write the Essay Once youve given yourself a solid foundation of information, begin to craft your essay. An argument essay, as with all essays, should contain three parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. The length of paragraphs in these parts will vary depending on the length of your essay assignment. As in any essay, the first paragraph of your argument essay should introduce the topic with a brief explanation of your topic, some background information, and a thesis statement. In this case, your thesis is a statement of your position on a specific controversial topic. Present Both Sides of the Controversy The body of your essay should contain the meat of your argument. Go into more detail about the two sides of your topic and state the strongest points of the counter-side of your issue. After describing the other side, present your own viewpoint and then provide evidence to show why your position is the correct one. Work to discredit the other side using some of the information you discovered in your research. Choose your strongest evidence and present your points one by one. Use a mix of evidence, from statistics to other studies and anecdotal stories. Conclusion A strong conclusion can help summarize your point of view and reinforce with your reader why your stance is the best option. You might consider reserving one overwhelmingly shocking statistic for the conclusion, one that leaves no room for doubt in your readers mind. At the very least, use this final paragraph or two as an opportunity to restate your position as the most sensible one. Final Tips When writing your essay, consider these tips to help craft the most rational and poignant argument for your readers. Avoid emotional language that can sound irrational. Know the difference between a logical conclusion and an emotional point of view. Dont fabricate evidence and dont use​ ​untrustworthy sources for evidence, and be sure to cite your sources.

Bureaucracy Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bureaucracy Assignment - Research Paper Example The development of science and technology during the 1950s and 60s called for an increased in education funding which later expanded to education of the poor, minorities, women, the disabled and foreign nationals. This led to the passage of a Public Law Act for the creation of a Department of Education Organization in 1979. The main priorities of this department was to ensure equal access to education for all, to improve the quality of education, involve both parents and public in matters of education, increase federal research and support, improve coordination, management and efficiency of federal education programs and increase the accountability of such programs to the President. While the initial purpose of the department is being upheld till date, the increasing global competitiveness has also increased the need to prepare the American students to face this challenged through fostering excellent educational opportunities to all classes of people. The present Secretary of the US Department of Education is Arne Duncun. He was nominated by the President-elect Barack Obama to be the secretary of education and the US Senate confirmed his position on the Inauguration Day in 2009. The major goal of the department of education is to ensure equal access to education for all and also to improve the excellence of education throughout the country. The secretary in the Department of Education coordinates, supervises and directs all the activities within the department in addition to performing the role of the principle advisor to the President in matters concerning federal policies, programs and other related events in the field of education. The secretary remains the Chief Operating Officer of the Department and is followed in succession by the deputy and under Secretary, General Counsel and Chief Financial Officer. The Deputy Secretary in the Department of Education is responsible for developing and implementing educational policies and programs for the elementary an d secondary educational programs, which involves providing a safe and drug-free environment in schools, special education for students with disabilities and rehabilitative education for those coming from a culturally different background and development of interventional education programs and reforms. The Under Secretary is concerned with postsecondary, higher and adult educational policies and programs, college aids and reforms for the Presidential Pell Grant program. The secretary is supported by members who constitute the immediate office of the secretary. They are required to provide logistics support and advice to the secretary. The members include the Chief of Staff, Deputy Chief of Staff for Strategy and Policy and Programs, Senior Advisor and White House Liaison. The immediate office of the Secretary in turn directs the executive management staff who provide administrative and management services, scheduling and advance staff who are concerned with managing the daily inform ation needs of the office of the Secretary and logistics, the executive secretariat tracks all the correspondence between the offices of the Secretary, Deputy and Under Secretary, the White house initiative in tribal colleges and university staff seeks to ensure the tribal colleges are granted proper accreditation in addition to gaining federal grants and high-quality education for all, the International Affairs Office offers advice on international issues and initiatives that may affect the educational polic

The Churches Mission in the World Research Paper

The Churches Mission in the World - Research Paper Example This paper will look at 2 of the most reliable and popular sources in the world of Christian literature regarding information on the church’s mission. These 2 sources are â€Å"Ancient-Future Faith: Rethinking Evangelicalism for a Postmodern World† by Robert E. Webber and â€Å"Mere Discipleship: Radical Christianity in a Rebellious World† by Lee C. Camp. The chapters that are most appropriate for this paper’s questions will be taken studied and assessed. There will be feedback given on these sources and then the paper will provide its own reflection regarding the church’s mission. It will also explain weather or not it agrees with the information from the sources. It will take on these subtopics as such: Discussion on â€Å"Ancient-Future Faith: Rethinking Evangelicalism for a Postmodern World† by Robert E. Webber Discussion on â€Å"Mere Discipleship: Radical Christianity in a Rebellious World† by Lee C. Camp. Reflection on both sour ces and personal feedback Discussion on â€Å"Ancient-Future Faith: Rethinking Evangelicalism for A Postmodern World† by Robert E. Webber This paper took information from chapters 17, 18 and 19 from this book by Robert E. Webber as the portions of the book that most relate to the question this research is trying to answer. In this book, Webber’s approach on explaining the church’s role is mainly associated with evangelism or sharing the word of God. His approach in telling us about the church’s role starts with explaining some historical information about how the church’s evangelism began then moved to telling of evangelism’s progression and how this idea changed or evolved thru time. The book also provides information regarding the church’s shift in how it viewed baptism. According to the book, ancient churches treated baptism as the first step toward conversion, while the early church viewed baptism as â€Å"the culmination of a pr ocess of personal salvation†. (Webber 141-42) According to the book, this is also why the medieval church used force as a tool for evangelism. The book also tells us about the church’s role or its purpose. It tells us that there came a time where reform was needed in the church’s ideas and methods, but despite these reforms, the role of the church was still understood and still remained the same. In essence, the church’s role is to â€Å"Christianize† the world, all while emphasizing the importance of faith, rather than works. The reform movements worked toward letting people know that God initiates salvation. Many movements also worked thru evangelism in their own ways and making sure to introduce God and his teachings into society. The book tells us of â€Å"The great commission† which is the church’s ultimate goal, to convert people to Christ. (Webber 143) The book also tells us about â€Å"problems inherited from the enlightenment †. This tells us about the movement’s association with individualism as being the major problem in the situation. It tells us that this approach focuses too much on â€Å"You† and loses the ultimate message of the gospel. This section of the book also provides deeper differentiation between evangelical and Baptist movements. It provides us both the positive and negative sides of these movements as well as tells us about evangelism’s apparent separation from the church. Along with this information is the

Young People and Sexual Agency in Rural Uganda | Review

Young People and Sexual Agency in Rural Uganda | Review Critical Summary:  Bell, S. A. (2012). Young people and sexual agency in rural Uganda.  Culture, health sexuality,14(3), 283-296. Charles Ncube Summary of paper HIV and AIDS continues to be an ongoing concern in many countries globally and even more so for African countries. Research published in 2012 by Stephen A. Bell, â€Å"Young people and sexual agency in rural Uganda† examines the decision making process leading young Ugandans involvement in sexual relationships, the transactional negotiations and factors that may influence sexual health decision making choices.1 Bells’ research builds on existing literature as it examines how young people’s sexual agency has an impact on their sexual health choices and lifestyles; with the intention of providing health promotion practitioners a more sensible and practical starting point from which to design HIV and sexual health programmes. Bell contextualises his research with a broader framework of â€Å"empowerment†. The research seeks to explain how young people (11 – 24 years old) make choices regarding their sexual behaviour unpacking the type of information available to them, contraceptive knowledge and the stigma attached to sexual activity at an early age.1 Bell’s research inquiry is informed by the theoretical framework of â€Å"individual agency, defined by Petesch, Smulovitz and Walton as the capacity of individuals to make purposeful choices and transform these into desired actions and outcomes†.2 In doing so, Bell discusses the notion of â€Å"sexual agency† to refer to a process where young people become sexually active and the strategies, actions and negotiations involved in navigating broader social expectations. The study design incorporates multiple qualitative methods. The research is conducted in three rural locations in Uganda over 2 years. The methods applied are focus groups and structured interviews. The focus groups sample is drawn from local schools and non-school attendees. From the focus groups purposive sampling is used to then invite participants to participate in the structured interviews. A broad range of topics are discussed including what they liked or disliked about their communities, their social and cultural expectations, home situations, their social networks, economic and social wellbeing, relationships and sex and their aspirations for the future. The 3 key findings reported were: Factors influencing decision making leading to involvement in sexual and intimate relationships; Actions and negotiations within these relationships; and Outcomes arising from sexual agency. 1 Critique The research provides a detailed and rich insight to the decision making process of young people regarding sexual health. In light of this, a more detailed examination that focuses on the generalizability of the findings to a different and diverse population is required. Focus groups (between 8 and 12 participants) are social contexts characterised by the forms of communicative interaction and meaning making found in everyday conversations. 3 The purpose of the focus group is to draw upon the participants’ attitudes, beliefs, feelings experiences and reactions in way not possible using other methods. These attitudes, feelings and beliefs are more likely to be revealed via a social gathering and the interaction which being in a focus group entails.4 Focus groups are flexible in nature, have high face validity and can generate lots of data however there are also limitations to this approach namely, in recording, transcribing and analysing this data which needs to be taken into account. In the case of Bells research the chance of introducing error or bias are particularly high if the discussion has to be translated from the native language to the language of the investigator and this a problem which is significant in multilingual environments. Bells linguistic attributes in the local language is not disclosed nor the language used in the focus group session. Considering the age of some of the participants and the potential cultural influences, free expression is not always possible in a group setting and the group can in fact inhibit discussion. For example, Vlassoff (1987) described a focus-group discussion amongst adolescent girls in India, during which the girls were painfully shy, not wishing to discuss their opinions in front of other people, despite extensive efforts to create a relaxed setting conducive to discussion.5 Other limitations of focus groups are their small samples size as well as being purposively selected. The results from this sample may not allow generalization to larger populations where the research outcomes may be applicable. In addition, as with other qualitative methods, the chances of introducing bias and subjectivity into the interpretation of the data are high.6 While the focus-group discussion can provide plausible insights and explanations, one should not extrapolate from focus group discussions to a broader and heterogeneous population. This tenet may not always be followed. In fact Merton, a key author of focus-group discussions, suggests that â€Å"focus group research is being mercilessly misused as quick-and-easy claims for the validity of the research are not subjected to further, quantitative test†.7 Implications of Position Due to the abovementioned limitations the data gathered may not provide a conclusive guide across other young people populations in similar settings, i.e. Ugandan communities or other countries in the region. This in turn makes it difficult for health promotions agencies to develop and deliver programmes focus on â€Å"safe sexual health† practices targeting the young people aged between 11 and 24 years. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (WHO, 1986) emphases the need to create supportive environments and strengthen community actions.8 What is evident is the need to educate the whole community to facilitate social change. There are multiple theories underpinning community wide approaches to health promotion for example, the three-stage Freirian Praxis Model of change suggests that people engaged in Freirian programs can evolve beyond powerlessness to create a sense of empowerment—that they can make a difference in their worlds.9 Bell reports that young people do know what they are doing in relation to their sexual choices; they are able to articulate their needs and feelings and then act on these. The research provides valuable insight and health promotion programme designers may want to consider how these can be tailored and incorporated to a local context. Further research is required to understand the community at large and the cultural influences that may be barrier to young people accessing timely, accurate and appropriate sexual health information. References: Bell, S. A. (2012). Young people and sexual agency in rural Uganda.Culture, health sexuality,14(3), 283-296. Petesch, P., Smulovitz, C., Walton, M. (2005). Evaluating empowerment: A framework with cases from Latin America.Measuring empowerment: Cross-disciplinary perspectives, 39-67 Barbour, R., Kitzinger, J. (Eds.). (1998).Developing focus group research: politics, theory and practice. Sage. Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, accessed on 25 August 2014, http://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU19.html> Vlassoff, C. (1987). Contributions of the micro-approach to social sciences research. Report prepared for IDRC. Khan, M. E., Anker, M., Patel, B. C., Barge, S., Sadhwani, H., Kohle, R. (1991). The use of focus groups in social and behavioural research: some methodological issues.World Health Stat Q,44(3), 145-149 Merton, R. K. (1987). The focussed interview and focus groups: Continuities and discontinuities.Public Opinion Quarterly, 550-566. WHO, (1986), The Ottawa charter for health promotion, accessed on 25 August 2014, http://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/index1.html> Wallerstein, N., Sanchez-Merki, V. (1994). Freirian praxis in health education: research results from an adolescent prevention program.Health Education Research,9(1), 105-118. Case Study: Sales Planning Operation Case Study: Sales Planning Operation Sales, is the name of the game in many businesses and organizations. To have a successful business you must have profitable sales. In the first phase of this assignment Personal selling is evaluated in depth. Communication mix is described in every aspect of sales by giving examples, selecting two organizations from the market. Identified environmental and managerial forces affecting selling and well described personal selling. In the second phase of the assignment selling process is well described pointing out its principals. Each stage well evaluated and suggestions given in order to make new improvements. In the third phase sales strategies and corporate objectives of selected 2 organizations well explained. Appropriate recruitment and selection procedures devised accordingly. Motivation, remuneration and training is well discussed in this phase. In the fourth phase of this assignment assessed the implications of operating in different sales environment and contexts. Its well evaluated by pointing realistic examples from the current business environment, and assessing theories and techniques. Contents Task 1 Introduction on Sales and Operations Planning Sales and operations planning, sometimes known as aggregate planning, is a process where executive level management regularly meets and reviews projections for demand, supply and the resulting financial impact. SOP is a decision making process that makes certain that tactical plans in every business area are in line with the overall view of the companys business plan. The overall result of the SOP process is that a single operating plan is created that identifies the allocation of company resources, including time, money and employees. Sales and operations planning is an integrated business management process through which the executive/leadership team continually achieves focus, alignment and synchronization among all functions of the organization. The SOP plan includes an updated sales plan, production plan, inventory plan, customer lead time (backlog) plan, new product development plan, strategic initiative plan and resulting financial plan. Plan frequency and planning horizon depend on the specifics of the industry. Short product life cycles and high demand volatility require a tighter SOP planning as steadily consumed products. Done well, the SOP process also enables effective supply chain management. A properly implemented Sales and operations planning process routinely reviews customer demand and supply resources and re-plan quantitatively across an agreed rolling horizon. The re-planning process focuses on changes from the previously agreed sales and operations plan. While it helps the management team to understand how the company achieved its current level of performance, its primary focus is on future actions and anticipated results. Companies that have an integrated business management process use the SOP process to monitor the execution of the companys strategies. Main Elements of Communication Mix. Marketing Communication Mix is the Promotion of the Marketing Ps and covers every method and medium of communicating with your target audience. In many ways, the marketing communication mix is the heart of the marketing strategy around which everything else in sales and marketing is predicated. If business consists of creating value and creating customers, Marketing Communication covers exactly how you are going to create customer by taking your value message to the market. Advertising Any paid form of nonperson presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. Personal selling Personal presentation by the firms sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationships. Sales promotion Short-term incentives to encourage the purchase or sale of a product or service. Public relations Building good relationships with the companys various publics by obtaining favorable publicity, building up a good corporate image, and handling or heading off unfavorable rumors, stories, and events. Direct marketing Direct communications with carefully targeted individual consumers to obtain an immediate response and cultivate lasting customer relationships. (http://marketingteacher.com/lesson-store/lesson-personal-selling.html) Advertising This is the mass media method of marketing communication and provides exposure to the largest, most geographically dispersed audience at the lowest cost per head. That being said, advertising costs can add up quickly with mediums like television, radio and even online advertising which can be prohibitively expensive for many businesses. Other traditional forms of paid advertising include newspapers and magazines, the Yellow Pages, billboards, signs and posters. As well, advertising on buses, benches, gas pumps and even public restrooms is in vogue today. Basically, any medium which provides an opportunity to target eyes and/or ears can be a venue for advertising and you can see examples of successful promotion in the most unlikely places. Direct Marketing This marketing communication competency enables companies to reach out directly to consumers without intermediary channels such as those required for advertising. This component of the marketing communication process includes direct mail, catalogs, coupons and inserts, telemarketing, online marketing and television infomercials. Done correctly, Direct Marketing is extremely effective in the long run and allows for a targeted marketing approach to specific consumers to create valuable lasting relationships. Direct Marketing is the marketing communication method that enables companies to interact with a relatively large number of customers and encourage a call to action or most wanted response which is usually a purchase. The downside of Direct Marketing is that it is usually unsolicited and seen as a nuisance by the general public. Telemarketing, e-mail spamming and junk mail are universally despised and so Direct Marketing tools should be used with thought and caution. Personal Selling This is the most dreaded as well as the most expensive of all methods in the marketing communication process. However, if you are a small business owner or otherwise have the ability to personally sell and build relationships with customers, it can be one of the most rewarding aspects of the marketing process, both personally and professionally. Just as with traditional marketing, successful selling begins and ends with the customer. The whole objective is to ascertain needs and create the best solution for customers. Along the way you build relationships and continue to gather information about how you can better serve customers which is your reason for being in business in the first place. Sales and marketing are fundamental to the survival of any business and both involve creating customers for the business value you have created. The former targets one person (or entity) whereas the latter targets many. Both engage, inform and persuade through a variety of communicational tools. Aligning both will increase your success regardless of conditions. Successful sales and successful marketing both begin with an attitude and that attitude is customers first Public Relations This refers to how you handle your relationships and the flow of information with your various publics or the people who have a stake in or are affected by your business. This includes the general public, consumers, shareholders, employees, partners, competitors and the government. PR becomes a more and more crucial element of the marketing communication mix as a business or organization grows larger. That being said, it is still a vital component of the marketing communication process to think about for smaller businesses as well. PR tools include press and media releases, lobbying, charitable and public events, advertorials, financial reports, promotional collateral, facility tours, sponsorships, interviews and any other method for the promotion of a positive image to people. Being people conscious starts with the individual and carries through to the organization. Once again, people buy from people at the end of the day and the most successful people and organizations are those that benefit other people the most. As with many facets of sales and marketing, PR also has a good and bad side. The good side of PR is fostering socially conscious business practices whereas the bad side is epitomized in shady political lobbying, spin doctors and so forth that divert from the truth as opposed to promote it. Suffice it to say that in todays connected world, more than ever, any sized organization needs to be cognizant that it operates within the larger framework of society and has corresponding responsibilities. Sales Promotion This is the last traditional component of the marketing communication mix that is discussed here as part of the marketing communication process. Sales promotion simply refers to purchase incentives that you provide your customer with. These can assume a number of forms including offering free goods or services, coupons and vouchers, gifts and prizes, discounts, samples, financial incentives, charitable promotions and any other value-add over and above your standard product or services. Sales Promotions are generally short-lived, one off incentives intended to provide consumers with that last push to buy. The main takeaway is that regardless of the size and type of your business, you should continually look at ways in which to create additional value for customers. Your customers will appreciate it and, in facts, customers have been shown to pay premium prices for real value and real service. Role of Personal Selling on my Selected Organization Personal selling is all about Delivery of a specially designed message to a prospect by a seller, usually in the form of face-to-face communication, personal correspondence, or a personal telephone conversation. Unlike advertising, a personal sales message can be more specifically targeted to individual prospects and easily altered if the desired behavior does not occur. Personal selling, however, is far more costly than advertising and is generally used only when its high expenditure can be justified. For example, the marketing of a sophisticated computer system may require the use of personal selling, while the introduction of a new product to millions of consumers would not. Two other forms of personal selling that are not used with high-end products are door-to-door selling and home demonstration parties. These two personal selling methods are primarily used for personal care products, cosmetics, cookware, encyclopedias, books, toys, food, and other items of special interest to h omemakers. Ideally, personal selling should be supported by advertising to strengthen its impact. (http://www.davedolak.com/promix.htm) Buyer behavior in relation with personal selling If a marketer can identify consumer buyer behavior, he or she will be in a better position to target products and services at them. Buyer behavior is focused upon the needs of individuals, groups and organizations. It is important to understand the relevance of human needs to buyer behavior (remember, marketing is about satisfying needs) Lets look at human motivations as introduced by Abraham Maslow by his hierarchy of needs: The hierarchy is triangular. This is because as you move up it, fewer and fewer people satisfy higher level needs. We begin at the bottom level. Physiological needs such as food, air, water, heat, and the basic necessities of survival need to be satisfied. At the level of safety, man has a place to live that protects him from the elements and predators. At the third level we meet our social and belongingness needs i.e. we marry, or join groups of friends, etc. The final two levels are esteem and self-actualisation. Fewer people satisfy the higher level needs. Esteem means that you achieve something that makes you recognised and gives personal satisfaction, for example writing a book. Self-actualisation is achieved by few. Here a person is one of a small number to actually do something. For example, Neil Armstrong self-actualised as the first person to reach the Moon. The model is a little simplistic but introduces the concept a differing consumer needs quite well. (http://tutor2u.net/business/marketing/buying_stimulus_model.asp) In the above model, marketing and other stimuli enter the customers black box and produce certain responses. Marketing management must try to work out what goes on the in the mind of the customer the black box. The Buyers characteristics influence how he or she perceives the stimuli; the decision-making process determines what buying behavior is undertaken. Union International Accessories (Pvt) Ltd Union International Accessories (Pvt) Ltd has been in the garment accessories business since 1993 in collaboration with M. Y. Company in Hong Kong. Together they have earned a reputation of being a reliable supplier of the highest quality of all kinds of garment accessories. Union International supply all kinds of regular items such as zippers, buttons, threads, elastics, webbings, draw-codes, stoppers, buckles, eyelets, fashion belts etc, to more sophisticated trims such as rhinestones, rhinestuds, motifs, sequin patches, glitter belts, rubber badges, heat transfer glass beads and so on. Union International work directly with as many as five zipper plants in the World. This gives us the edge over many of our competitors placing us in a very strong position to offer better and faster deliveries for any type of original zippers that is required by our customer. Union International have an extensive customer base in Sri Lanka and other countries such as India, Bangladesh, Nepal, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, Egypt, Jordan, USA, UK, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Vietnam and Malaysia. We have developed and built a strong lasting business relationship with all our customers through our dedicated, conscientious, reliable and personalized service rendered throughout the years. Some prestigious names our customers process orders for include Wal-Mart, Gap, Tesco, London Fog, Primark, Debenhams, Marks and Spencers, Abercombie and Fitch, Liz Clairborne, Dillards, Ralph Lauren, May Department, Columbia, Target Stores and so on (http://www.union-myco.com/contact_us.html) B2B Selling B2B is contemporary shorthand for a longtime sales practice called business-to-business. B2B transactions primarily target companies and other wholesale buyers, while transactions targeting individuals are called B2C, or business-to-customer. Many organizations have both B2B and B2C components, but its not unusual for a company to specialize in B2B services or sales. In fact, the vast majority of products and services sold are considered to be B2B in nature. Union International is in garment Accessories based business and most of the time the organization deal with the Garment Factories by supplying them the accessories which needed to complete the final garment product. 99% of Union internationals business is to the manufactures, not to the final Customers. One major reason for the popularity of B2B sales and services is sheer volume. An individual customer may visit a clothing manufacturers website catalog and order two pairs of shoes or a sweater. The buyer for a national chain of clothing stores, however, may order 5,000 pairs of shoes and 2,000 sweaters. Without a B2B component, the manufacturer would have lost out on a very lucrative sale. This is why many companies provide B2B options alongside the B2C offerings at their websites and other outlets. B2B sales are also generated by providing a specialized product line or service not available to the general public. This form of B2B transaction is very common in the manufacturing world. A company which produces shaving cream in cans, for example, may need a specific plastic nozzle. Several plastic injection molding companies would send sales representatives to pitch their particular designs. These nozzles would be useless for individual customers, but a manufacturer may order thousands of them. Union International is in garment Accessories based business and most of the time the organization deal with the Garment Factories by supplying them the accessories which needed to complete the final garment product. 99% of Union internationals business is to the manufactures, not to the final Customers B2B Focus on Relationship driven Maximize the value of the relationship Small, focused target market Multi-step buying process, longer sales cycle Brand identity created on personal relationship Educational and awareness building activities Rational buying decision based on business value B2C Selling B2C. A transaction that occurs between a company and a consumer, as opposed to a transaction between companies (called B2B). The term may also describe a company that provides goods or services for consumers. Union International does is business only to Manufactures but not to customers directly. Product driven Maximize the value of the transaction Large target market Single step buying process, shorter sales cycle Brand identity created through repetition and imagery Merchandising and point of purchase activities Emotional buying decision based on status, desire, or price The personal selling process consists of the following steps: 1) Prospecting Prospecting refers to identifying and developing a list of potential clients. Sales people can seek the names of prospects from a variety of sources including trade shows, commercially-available databases or mail lists, company sales records and in-house databases, website registrations, public records, referrals, directories and a wide variety of other sources. Prospecting activities should be structured so that they identify only potential clients who fit the profile and are able, willing and authorized to buy the product or service. This activity is greatly enhanced today using websites with specially-coded pages optimized with key words so that prospects may easily find you when they search the web for certain key words related to your offering. Once prospecting is underway, it then is up to the sales professional to qualify those prospects to further identify likely customers and screen out poor leads. Modern websites can go along way in not only identifying potential prospects but also starting this qualification process. 2) Pre-approach Before engaging in the actual personal selling process, sales professionals first analyze all the information they have available to them about a prospect to understand as much about the prospect as possible. During the Pre-approach phase of the personal selling process, sales professionals try to understand the prospects current needs, current use of brands and feelings about all available brands, as well as identify key decision makers, review account histories (if any), assess product needs, plan/create a sales presentation to address the identified and likely concerns of the prospect, and set call objectives. The sales professional also develops a preliminary overall strategy for the sales process during this phase, keeping in mind that the strategy may have to be refined as he or she learns more about the prospect. 3) Approach The approach is the actual contact the sales professional has with the prospect. This is the point of the selling process where the sales professional meets and greets the prospect, provides an introduction, establishes rapport that sets the foundation of the relationship, and asks open-ended questions to learn more about the prospect and his or her needs. 4) Making the Presentation During the presentation portion of the selling process, the sales professional tells that product story in a way that speaks directly to the identified needs and wants of the prospect. A highly customized presentation is the key component of this step. At this point in the process, prospects are often allowed to hold and/or inspect the product and the sales professional may also actually demonstrate the product. Audio visual presentations and/or slide presentations may be incorporated at this stage and this is usually when sales brochures or booklets are presented to the prospect. Sales professionals should strive to let the prospect do most of the talking during the presentation and address the needs of the prospect as fully as possible by showing that he or she truly understands and cares about the needs of the prospect. 5) Overcoming Objections Professional sales people seek out prospects objections in order to try to address and overcome them. When prospects offer objections, it often signals that they need and want to hear more in order to make a fully-informed decision. If objections are not uncovered and identified, then sales professionals cannot effectively manage them. Uncovering objections, asking clarifying questions, and overcoming objections is a critical part of training for professional sellers and is a skill area that must be continually developed because there will always be objections. Trust me when I tell you that as soon as a sales professional finds a way to successfully handle all his or her prospects objections, some prospect will find a new, unanticipated objection if for no other reason than to test the mettle of the sales person. 6) Closing the Sale Although technically closing a sale happens when products or services are delivered to the customers satisfaction and payment is received, for the purposes of our discussion I will define closing as asking for the order and adequately addressing any final objections or obstacles. There are many closing techniques as well as many ways to ask trial closing questions. A trail question might take the form of, Now that Ive addressed your concerns, what other questions do you have that might impact your decision to purchase? Closing does not always mean that the sales professional literally asks for the order, it could be asking the prospect how many they would like, what color they would prefer, when they would like to take delivery, etc. Too many sales professions are either weak or too aggressive when it comes to closing. If you are closing a sale, be sure to ask for the order. If the prospect gives an answer other than yes, it may be a good opportunity to identify new objections and co ntinue selling. 7) Follow-up Follow-up is an often overlooked but important part of the selling process. After an order is received, it is in the best interest of everyone involved for the sales person to follow-up with the prospect to make sure the product was received in the proper condition, at the right time, installed properly, proper training delivered, and that the entire process was acceptable to the customer. This is a critical step in creating customer satisfaction and building long-term relationships with customers. If the customer experienced any problems whatsoever, the sales professional can intervene and become a customer advocate to ensure 100% satisfaction. Diligent follow-up can also lead to uncovering new needs, additional purchases, and also referrals and testimonials which can be used as sales tools. Impact on Personal Selling TASK 2 Task 3 Sales manager Job description and activities Sales managers organize, motivate and lead sales teams in a wide range of sectors, including pharmaceuticals, fast moving consumer goods (FMCGs) and finance. They are responsible for the combined performance of the team and for ensuring that everyone within their team reaches their targets. They may set the targets themselves or receive them from the sales director. They may also operate incentive schemes that motivate members of their team to reach or exceed sales targets. Typically, sales managers direct a companys sales program. They assign sales territories, set goals, and establish training programs for their sales representatives. Sales managers may also advise their sales representatives on ways to improve their sales performance achieve goals and obtain expected quotas. Whilst management structures vary significantly between companies and sectors, most sales managers will be responsible either for specific geographical areas (area sales managers) and/or particular products, or for specific types of customer. Sales managers will usually be responsible for: recruiting and training sales staff; supervising, motivating and monitoring team performance; allocating areas to sales executives; setting budgets/targets; liaising with other line managers; reporting back to senior managers; liaising with customers (which may include actual selling); maintaining detailed knowledge of the companys products or services; Keeping abreast of what competitors are doing. Depending on the culture of the company and level of seniority within it, sales managers may also be involved with product development, identification of new business opportunities and the development of marketing strategies. (http://ww2.prospects.ac.uk/p/types_of_job/sales_manager_job_description.jsp) Expected Tasks form a Sales manager in a Organizations Point of view Single point of contact: In fact, the sales manager is the single point of contact for all the salesmen when it comes to any questions and queries about the product or the company. Team leader: The sales manager can generally be termed as the team leader for the sales team and should have all the qualities that a team leader would have. Team person: The sales manager should be a team person, who understands any differences that crop in his or her team and work towards solving them in an amicable and quick manner. Strong sales background: Other than these internal qualities, the sales manager should have a strong sales background and should be able to lead his or team from the front with their sales expertise and talents. Hiring the new sales executives: The sales manager is also expected to hire the new sales executives. Therefore, the sales manager should be experienced and equipped enough to judge a person whether they can be good in sales or not. The one issue with sales is that sales is an inborn quality. Of course, having a business administration does help, but still, some people just have it in them to sell a product. As a sales manager, you should know how to recognize that. Sales Manager Qualities Sales management is one of the most challenging balancing acts in all the business world. Good sales management is worth its weight in gold. To fully view the valuable products of good sales management, one must go beyond the high gross figures and stout net profits being rung up at the register. Good sales management is also marked by a sales force which is flourishing and prospering, and a customer base which is satisfied beyond expectation. When a sales force has a good sales manager, they not only produce well and stably, but they tend to stay loyal and stay long. What are the distinguishing qualities of good sales management? A good sales manager motivates and leads the sales force, while at the same time seeing to it that the goals and purposes of the sales organization and its ownership are being met. Sales management at its best executes command intention, when he sees that the marching orders will indeed produce the effects that ownership and management intend it to, and queries the orders when he considers that those orders would actually get in the way of their own goals. A good sales manager commands with authority, but in a way that draws respect rather than contempt. A good sales manager corrects poor attitude with skill and understanding, at the level of firmness required by the circumstances at hand. A good sales manager continues to become more and more expert on the theory and application of all five steps of a sale, as detailed in the book, HOW TO SELL Clear and Simple, and guides his sales force in the successful use of these steps. A good sales manager effectively uses his knowledge of the five-step procedure as his primary tool for improve poor performance. And a good sales manager sets real, though challenging goals and then does everything necessary to assist all concerned to reach and exceed those goals. If a salesman were ambitious and was looking for one of the most demanding, and most rewarding challenges in the world of business, he would do well to aspire to become a part of sales management. (http://www.evancarmichael.com/Sales/452/What-Makes-a-Great-Sales-Manager.html) Reduce turnover by hiring smart instead of often. Establish compensation plans that drive sales and profits. Develop sales systems that facilitate consistent sales results. Coach and train your sales team toward service-minded selling. Provide motivation, recognition and accountability. Increase sales and profits to the type of customer you prefer. Relieve you from sales management responsibility. Human resource functions Handled by Sales Manager The sales manager is also responsible for some of the functions handled by the Human resource as the sales manager is the person who will be working with the selected employee so he will make sure that he also takes part in each function and make sure no mistake is made and below are some functions which the sales manager will involve in the HR handlesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Recruitment and selection Employing the right person has the potential to, in the long run, save you thousands of dollars. Clearly the right initial choice will save money by reducing turnover but there are many other costs involved, some less quantifiable than others. Most sales managers agree that they cannot afford even one non-productive team member, yet most managers have their own horror stories regarding troublesome or struggling employees. This highlights the importance of recruitment and selection of sales people. Various practices can and should be employed to best avoid the unenviable situation of having hired the wrong person for the job. Eg: Company Union International Accessories used to involve the sales manger when recruiting and selecting the person inorder to make surer that he has the right person in his team Motivation In motivating people only the HR cannot take its own decision as the sales managers involvement will be very important in this function as he knows very well how each employee had been working and who the appropriate person to be promoted is. In case this decision is taken only by the HR it might not be accurate so to avoid such problems the sales manager will be involved in this function. Eg: the sales manager of Union International Accessories is involved when any motivation program organized by HR to make sure there is no mistake in the decisio

Journey to the West Essay

Growing up, we all had our favorite stories. My personal favorite was the Harry Potter series; I spent hours and hours immersed in those books. For a lot of Chinese children however, the story they grew up with was called Journey to the West, or XiYouJi. This story was written by Wu Cheng’en, an author who lived during the 16th century in the Ming dynasty. A very famous piece of literature, it is considered one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese Literature. The novel starts by telling the story of SunWuKong, who was born from a rock. He went on to learn 72 polymorphic transformations and becomes super powerful, powerful enough to challenge the Taoist Gods. The story goes on to tell about SunWuKong’s great rebellion against heaven, where he basically goes around and beats up everyone in the sky by himself. Eventually however, his arrogance leads to his downfall, and the Buddha manages to trap him under a mountain for five hundred years. The story then jumps to the introduction of Tang XuanZang, who is instructed by the Gods to go east to India on a pilgrimage and retrieve the Buddhist Sutras. After setting out on his journey, Xuan Zang bumps into SunWuKong who is still trapped under a mountain. With the help from the gods, Xuan Zang frees SunWuKong and takes him on as a disciple. He also meets a pig named ZhuBaJie and an ogre named ShaWuJing. Together, the 4 of them walk west towards their eventual goal of LeiYingSi. Along the way, they encounter nine thousand nine hundred eighty one hardships, including crossing treacherous rivers, fighting off monsters who want to eat XuanZang, and battling through a mountain of fire. The majority of the book describes their journey from the Tang Capitol, all the way to LeiYingSi. Once they arrive at their destination, they retrieve the sutras and return to China.

Power of Choice in Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange Essay

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The choice between good and evil is a decision every man must make throughout his life in order to guide his actions and control his future. This element of choice, no matter what the outcome, displays mans power as an individual.nbsp; Any efforts to control or influence this choice between good and evil will in turn govern mans free will and enslave him.nbsp; In the novel A Clockwork Orange,nbsp; the author uses symbolism through imagery, the characterization of Alex, and the first person narrative point of view to prove that without the ability to choose between good and evil, Man becomes a slave. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;The symbolism†¦show more content†¦. .nbsp; in very horrorshow groodies(22).nbsp; This proves that he feels he must display his power through his abuse of choice.nbsp; His love for violence symbolises his abuse of power as an evil trait, but his love for music symbolises his human side.nbsp; In the end of the story Alex decides that he is ready to become a man.nbsp; During this rapid evolution from adolescence to manhood, Alex chooses a wife, a family,nbsp; a life, and in essence he chooses good for the first time in the story.nbsp; There was your humble narrator . . .nbsp; I knew what was happening, O my brothers.nbsp; I was growing up(147).nbsp; Alex realizes that he may choose good and still maintain a strong element of choice.nbsp; He becomes stronger because he now has a broader selection to choose from.nbsp; He sees that the abuse of the ability of choice is not what makes Man powerful.nbsp;nbsp; It is instead, the realization that the choice between good and evil, no matter what decision, is the power within Man. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Using the characterization of Alex,nbsp; it effectively illustrates how the element of choice is linked to the power within man.nbsp; The author uses violence to represent the abuse of power when the rightShow MoreRelated freeclo Violence and Free Will in Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange2208 Words   |  9 PagesViolence as an Expression of Free Will in A Clockwork Orange      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay will deal with the subject of free choice, which is the main topic of the novel, A Clockwork Orange . 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